日前(qian)，國家(jia)(jia)(jia)發展改革委(wei)、國家(jia)(jia)(jia)能源局(ju)聯合發布(bu)《氫能產業發展中(zhong)長期規劃（2021—2035年）》，氫能正式被確立為(wei)未(wei)(wei)來國家(jia)(jia)(jia)能源體系(xi)的(de)(de)重要組成部分(fen)，成為(wei)實(shi)現綠色低(di)碳轉型的(de)(de)重要載體。作為(wei)戰略性(xing)新興產業和未(wei)(wei)來產業的(de)(de)重點(dian)發展方向，氫能將為(wei)我國加快能源轉型升級、培(pei)育經濟新增長點(dian)提(ti)供重要戰略選(xuan)擇。

  當前，我國氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)政(zheng)策支持力(li)度大(da)、發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)態勢好，然(ran)而，與世界(jie)發(fa)(fa)(fa)達國家相比仍(reng)處于發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)初期(qi)，具體表現為氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)安全水平不高、布(bu)局(ju)缺乏(fa)(fa)協(xie)同、模式(shi)創新(xin)不足等。一些地方把氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)作為重(zhong)要的(de)新(xin)動能(neng)(neng)(neng)培(pei)育(yu)，但缺乏(fa)(fa)對本地發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)比較優勢研究(jiu)，由此造成氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)同質化(hua)嚴重(zhong)，區(qu)域氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)布(bu)局(ju)缺乏(fa)(fa)有(you)效協(xie)同，市場需求有(you)限(xian)，產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)模式(shi)創新(xin)不足。對此，需要多措并舉(ju)，構建安全為先、布(bu)局(ju)優化(hua)、模式(shi)創新(xin)的(de)氫(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)體系(xi)。

  安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)為先是氫能(neng)(neng)產(chan)(chan)業發展的前提。要加(jia)快研發安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)技(ji)術、建(jian)立安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)制(zhi)度、加(jia)強(qiang)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)監(jian)管。加(jia)快氫能(neng)(neng)制(zhi)取、儲存、運輸(shu)、加(jia)注和(he)應用(yong)(yong)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)產(chan)(chan)業鏈(lian)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)技(ji)術研發，加(jia)強(qiang)氫氣泄(xie)漏檢測和(he)關鍵設備(bei)狀(zhuang)態監(jian)測技(ji)術應用(yong)(yong)，預(yu)防氫能(neng)(neng)產(chan)(chan)業安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)風險。加(jia)快形(xing)成全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)產(chan)(chan)業鏈(lian)的安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)監(jian)管制(zhi)度，完善氫能(neng)(neng)產(chan)(chan)業安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)標準體系，嚴格(ge)把控氫能(neng)(neng)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)風險。強(qiang)化氫能(neng)(neng)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)和(he)利用(yong)(yong)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)過程的安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)和(he)監(jian)管主體責任，促進(jin)各主體提高安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)意識，夯實氫能(neng)(neng)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)利用(yong)(yong)的基礎。

  布(bu)局優(you)化(hua)是(shi)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)產業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)核心(xin)。要結(jie)合(he)(he)各地區能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)資源(yuan)條件和產業(ye)(ye)集聚(ju)優(you)勢，因地制宜開展(zhan)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)產業(ye)(ye)優(you)化(hua)布(bu)局。在上(shang)游制氫(qing)(qing)(qing)側，積(ji)(ji)極探索可再生能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)制氫(qing)(qing)(qing)路徑(jing)，協(xie)同新能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)為主體的(de)(de)新型(xing)電(dian)力系(xi)(xi)統建(jian)設，構建(jian)電(dian)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)耦合(he)(he)的(de)(de)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)供(gong)給體系(xi)(xi)。在中游儲運側，深(shen)入開展(zhan)天然氣、氫(qing)(qing)(qing)氣的(de)(de)技術(shu)特性研究，充分利用現(xian)有天然氣管(guan)網基礎設施，結(jie)合(he)(he)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)負荷需(xu)求，進(jin)一步(bu)優(you)化(hua)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)加氣站布(bu)局，打通(tong)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)儲運的(de)(de)關鍵(jian)堵(du)點。在下游用氫(qing)(qing)(qing)側，積(ji)(ji)極拓展(zhan)電(dian)力、工業(ye)(ye)、建(jian)筑等氫(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)應用場景，以需(xu)求為牽引促進(jin)氫(qing)(qing)(qing)能(neng)(neng)產業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展(zhan)。

  模(mo)式(shi)創(chuang)新是氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)發(fa)展的(de)支點。要(yao)積(ji)極利(li)用(yong)(yong)相關(guan)政策，創(chuang)新氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)的(de)商(shang)業(ye)(ye)和跨產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)多市場(chang)協同發(fa)展模(mo)式(shi)，打造高價(jia)值氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)。氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)成本高一直是制約氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)規(gui)模(mo)化開發(fa)的(de)關(guan)鍵瓶頸(jing)，在發(fa)力氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)布局和技術的(de)同時(shi)，要(yao)積(ji)極創(chuang)新氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)商(shang)業(ye)(ye)模(mo)式(shi)，充(chong)(chong)分(fen)吸(xi)引社會資(zi)本和風險投資(zi)，優化產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)路徑，增強產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)價(jia)值，降低產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)成本。同時(shi)，建立(li)氫(qing)、電、碳市場(chang)協同發(fa)展模(mo)式(shi)，充(chong)(chong)分(fen)利(li)用(yong)(yong)多元市場(chang)的(de)引導和鼓勵作用(yong)(yong)，加強電、氫(qing)、碳多元產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)鏈(lian)耦合和延(yan)伸，并(bing)帶動跨產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)、上下游產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)相關(guan)配套，促進(jin)氫(qing)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)(ye)集聚和規(gui)模(mo)化發(fa)展。