習(xi)近平總書記在全國(guo)(guo)生態環(huan)(huan)境保護大會上(shang)強(qiang)調(diao)：“要加強(qiang)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)支(zhi)撐，推(tui)(tui)進綠(lv)色(se)低(di)碳科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)自(zi)立自(zi)強(qiang)，把(ba)應(ying)對氣候變化(hua)、新污染(ran)物治理等作為(wei)國(guo)(guo)家(jia)基礎研究和科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)創(chuang)新重(zhong)點領(ling)域，狠抓關鍵核心技(ji)(ji)術攻關，實施生態環(huan)(huan)境科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)創(chuang)新重(zhong)大行動(dong)(dong)，培養造就一(yi)支(zhi)高(gao)水平生態環(huan)(huan)境科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)人(ren)才隊伍，深化(hua)人(ren)工智(zhi)能(neng)等數字技(ji)(ji)術應(ying)用，構(gou)建美麗中(zhong)國(guo)(guo)數字化(hua)治理體(ti)系，建設綠(lv)色(se)智(zhi)慧(hui)的數字生態文(wen)明。”怎(zen)樣(yang)認識數字化(hua)、智(zhi)能(neng)化(hua)為(wei)生態文(wen)明建設提供新路(lu)徑？怎(zen)樣(yang)加強(qiang)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)攻關，拓展數字應(ying)用，為(wei)持續(xu)改善(shan)生態環(huan)(huan)境、推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)高(gao)質(zhi)量發展注入新動(dong)(dong)能(neng)？本期觀(guan)察版圍繞這一(yi)主(zhu)題進行探討。
; ——編(bian) 者(zhe)
建設綠色智慧的數字生態文明
李海生
習(xi)近平總書(shu)記在全國生(sheng)態環境(jing)保護大會(hui)上指出：“深化(hua)(hua)人工智能等(deng)數(shu)字(zi)(zi)技術(shu)應用(yong)，構(gou)建美麗(li)中國數(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)治(zhi)理(li)體(ti)系，建設綠色(se)智慧的(de)數(shu)字(zi)(zi)生(sheng)態文(wen)明。”當前，數(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)和綠色(se)化(hua)(hua)相(xiang)互融合、相(xiang)互促進(jin)(jin)，已(yi)成為(wei)(wei)全球發展(zhan)的(de)重(zhong)要主題(ti)。推(tui)動生(sheng)態環境(jing)智慧治(zhi)理(li)，推(tui)進(jin)(jin)綠色(se)智慧的(de)數(shu)字(zi)(zi)生(sheng)態文(wen)明建設，必須堅持以習(xi)近平新時代中國特色(se)社會(hui)主義思(si)(si)想為(wei)(wei)指導，全面貫徹落實(shi)習(xi)近平生(sheng)態文(wen)明思(si)(si)想，以數(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)促進(jin)(jin)經濟社會(hui)發展(zhan)全面綠色(se)轉型，為(wei)(wei)實(shi)現(xian)(xian)人與自然和諧共生(sheng)的(de)現(xian)(xian)代化(hua)(hua)提供有(you)力支撐。
數字化與綠色化融合成為生態文明建設的重要趨勢
生(sheng)(sheng)態文(wen)明(ming)建(jian)設覆蓋面廣、綜合(he)性(xing)(xing)強，涉及價值理念、目標(biao)導向、生(sheng)(sheng)產和消費方(fang)式等多方(fang)面，是(shi)一項復(fu)雜的(de)系統性(xing)(xing)工程。推進數字(zi)生(sheng)(sheng)態文(wen)明(ming)建(jian)設，能夠有效提升生(sheng)(sheng)態文(wen)明(ming)建(jian)設的(de)系統性(xing)(xing)、協同性(xing)(xing)，推動(dong)形成科學(xue)高效解(jie)決(jue)生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)問題、拓展生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)治理的(de)方(fang)法(fa)和路徑。
作為一種生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)治(zhi)理方式，數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)建(jian)設(she)通過將大數(shu)(shu)(shu)據、5G、人工智能等(deng)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)技(ji)術(shu)有機(ji)嵌入生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)建(jian)設(she)，在數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)化(hua)與綠(lv)色(se)化(hua)的深度(du)融合(he)中，不斷提(ti)升生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)建(jian)設(she)的科學(xue)化(hua)、精(jing)細化(hua)、智能化(hua)水平。建(jian)設(she)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)，重(zhong)點(dian)在于(yu)統籌好數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)化(hua)和(he)綠(lv)色(se)化(hua)的關系(xi)，推(tui)(tui)(tui)動二者相(xiang)互促(cu)進(jin)、協同發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)。推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)化(hua)建(jian)設(she)，借助(zhu)人工智能等(deng)技(ji)術(shu)發(fa)(fa)現(xian)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據背(bei)后的規律(lv)，充分釋放數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)技(ji)術(shu)在生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)治(zhi)理效(xiao)率提(ti)升、技(ji)術(shu)改進(jin)、手段(duan)優化(hua)等(deng)方面的疊加(jia)(jia)、聚合(he)、倍(bei)增效(xiao)應，能夠為生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)治(zhi)理提(ti)供重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)引擎，有助(zhu)于(yu)達到高效(xiao)、可持續的生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)治(zhi)理效(xiao)果。推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)綠(lv)色(se)化(hua)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)，是建(jian)設(she)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文(wen)(wen)明(ming)(ming)的應有之義。通過優化(hua)國土空間布(bu)局，提(ti)升資源能源利(li)(li)用效(xiao)率，加(jia)(jia)強環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)保護和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)修復，重(zhong)點(dian)解決發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)過程中產生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)污染和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)損害等(deng)問題(ti)，使(shi)資源、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產、消費等(deng)要(yao)(yao)素相(xiang)匹配相(xiang)適應，有利(li)(li)于(yu)實現(xian)高質(zhi)量發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)和(he)高水平保護的同步推(tui)(tui)(tui)進(jin)。
黨(dang)的十(shi)八大以(yi)來，在(zai)習(xi)近平(ping)新(xin)(xin)時(shi)代中(zhong)(zhong)國特(te)色社(she)會(hui)主義思想(xiang)特(te)別是習(xi)近平(ping)生(sheng)態文(wen)(wen)明(ming)思想(xiang)指引下，我(wo)國數(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)生(sheng)態文(wen)(wen)明(ming)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)取得長足進步，生(sheng)態環(huan)境智慧治(zhi)理水平(ping)顯著(zhu)提升。今(jin)年2月，黨(dang)中(zhong)(zhong)央、國務院印發《數(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)中(zhong)(zhong)國建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)整體(ti)布局規(gui)劃》，將“數(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)生(sheng)態文(wen)(wen)明(ming)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)取得積極進展(zhan)”作為2025年數(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)中(zhong)(zhong)國建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)的重(zhong)要(yao)目(mu)標(biao)，為新(xin)(xin)一(yi)代數(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)科(ke)(ke)技助力(li)生(sheng)態治(zhi)理提出了新(xin)(xin)的要(yao)求(qiu)。在(zai)推(tui)進數(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)化(hua)與綠(lv)(lv)色化(hua)深度融合(he)過程中(zhong)(zhong)，我(wo)國全鏈(lian)條能(neng)源(yuan)消耗顯著(zhu)降低，生(sheng)產效(xiao)率和(he)能(neng)源(yuan)效(xiao)能(neng)不(bu)斷提升，綠(lv)(lv)水青山的生(sheng)態效(xiao)益和(he)經濟(ji)社(she)會(hui)效(xiao)益得到持(chi)續發揮。同時(shi)也(ye)應(ying)認識到，目(mu)前(qian)我(wo)國數(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)生(sheng)態文(wen)(wen)明(ming)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)還處(chu)于起步階段(duan)，在(zai)數(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)基礎設(she)施建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)、數(shu)據標(biao)準規(gui)范體(ti)系建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)、科(ke)(ke)技成(cheng)果(guo)轉化(hua)應(ying)用以(yi)及(ji)數(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)生(sheng)態文(wen)(wen)明(ming)人才培養等方面還存(cun)在(zai)一(yi)些(xie)問題需要(yao)解(jie)決(jue)。要(yao)更(geng)加(jia)注重(zhong)運用數(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)技術創新(xin)(xin)生(sheng)態文(wen)(wen)明(ming)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)方式，不(bu)斷推(tui)動(dong)數(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)化(hua)與綠(lv)(lv)色化(hua)深度融合(he)，以(yi)數(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)化(hua)引領綠(lv)(lv)色化(hua)，以(yi)綠(lv)(lv)色化(hua)帶(dai)動(dong)數(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)化(hua)，重(zhong)點加(jia)強生(sheng)態環(huan)境大數(shu)據采(cai)集、適(shi)配(pei)、重(zhong)構、共(gong)享，通過數(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)生(sheng)態環(huan)境科(ke)(ke)技創新(xin)(xin)充(chong)分(fen)釋放生(sheng)態環(huan)境治(zhi)理的潛(qian)力(li)和(he)活力(li)，為建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)美(mei)麗(li)中(zhong)(zhong)國提供強勁動(dong)能(neng)。
為建設人與自然和諧共生的現代化提供強勁動能
習近平總書記(ji)強調：“要站在人與自然(ran)和(he)(he)諧(xie)共(gong)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)高度謀劃發展(zhan)(zhan)，通(tong)過(guo)高水平環(huan)(huan)境(jing)保護，不斷塑(su)造(zao)發展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)新動能、新優勢，著力(li)構建(jian)綠色(se)低(di)(di)碳循環(huan)(huan)經濟體系(xi)，有效降低(di)(di)發展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)資源環(huan)(huan)境(jing)代(dai)價，持續(xu)增強發展(zhan)(zhan)的(de)潛力(li)和(he)(he)后勁(jing)。”建(jian)設綠色(se)智慧的(de)數(shu)字生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)文明，為(wei)精(jing)準識(shi)別、實時追蹤環(huan)(huan)境(jing)數(shu)據和(he)(he)及(ji)時研判、系(xi)統(tong)解(jie)決(jue)生(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)問題提供有力(li)技術支撐，為(wei)促進經濟社(she)會發展(zhan)(zhan)全面綠色(se)轉(zhuan)型、建(jian)設人與自然(ran)和(he)(he)諧(xie)共(gong)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)現(xian)代(dai)化提供強勁(jing)動能。
有效提升生態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)智(zhi)慧(hui)治(zhi)理(li)(li)水平。建(jian)設數(shu)字(zi)生態(tai)(tai)(tai)文(wen)明(ming)，將生態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)數(shu)據(ju)融入(ru)人工(gong)智(zhi)能(neng)等(deng)數(shu)字(zi)技(ji)術(shu)，不斷(duan)加(jia)強機器學(xue)習和(he)訓練，不僅有助(zhu)于更加(jia)科(ke)學(xue)地(di)分析生態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)歷(li)史演變過(guo)(guo)程，而且能(neng)夠在污(wu)染警情預報、持續時間預測(ce)、減排效果預判中，為及時研判、系統解(jie)決(jue)(jue)(jue)生態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)問題提供重要決(jue)(jue)(jue)策(ce)參考，推動決(jue)(jue)(jue)策(ce)過(guo)(guo)程由“經驗判斷(duan)型(xing)(xing)”向(xiang)“數(shu)據(ju)分析型(xing)(xing)”轉變，讓生態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)治(zhi)理(li)(li)更“聰明(ming)”。例如，在長江大保護中，相關部門通過(guo)(guo)構建(jian)“從青海(hai)到上海(hai)”的全流(liu)域生態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)天地(di)一(yi)(yi)體化(hua)監管監測(ce)網絡，搜(sou)集(ji)和(he)整理(li)(li)長江流(liu)域海(hai)量(liang)生態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)數(shu)據(ju)，研發和(he)集(ji)納水質診斷(duan)、預測(ce)預警、污(wu)染溯(su)源、情景模擬(ni)等(deng)多項功能(neng)，建(jian)立起“數(shu)據(ju)采(cai)集(ji)與治(zhi)理(li)(li)—數(shu)據(ju)挖掘與模擬(ni)—虛擬(ni)可視化(hua)—污(wu)染溯(su)源分析—智(zhi)能(neng)輔助(zhu)決(jue)(jue)(jue)策(ce)”的水環(huan)(huan)境(jing)數(shu)字(zi)化(hua)管理(li)(li)業務體系，為實(shi)現“一(yi)(yi)江碧(bi)水向(xiang)東流(liu)”提供了(le)重要技(ji)術(shu)保障。
推(tui)動生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)向協(xie)(xie)同(tong)化(hua)轉(zhuan)(zhuan)變。過去一(yi)段時(shi)間，由(you)于生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)數(shu)據(ju)信息在區域、部門(men)、單(dan)位之間共(gong)享(xiang)不(bu)(bu)夠，導致生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)在一(yi)定程度上(shang)存(cun)在碎片化(hua)現(xian)象，一(yi)些地方生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)中“反(fan)復(fu)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)、治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)反(fan)復(fu)”的問(wen)題較為突出。建設數(shu)字生(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)明(ming)，建成生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)數(shu)據(ju)“一(yi)張網(wang)”，有(you)助于打破數(shu)據(ju)壁壘，實現(xian)數(shu)據(ju)互聯，夯(hang)實生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境(jing)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)范式(shi)從(cong)切塊(kuai)式(shi)、片段化(hua)向協(xie)(xie)同(tong)式(shi)、整體(ti)性轉(zhuan)(zhuan)變的數(shu)據(ju)基(ji)礎(chu)。比如(ru)，在重(zhong)污染天氣應對中，遵(zun)循整體(ti)性、全(quan)過程協(xie)(xie)同(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)總方針，推(tui)動有(you)關(guan)政府(fu)部門(men)、不(bu)(bu)同(tong)科研機構、不(bu)(bu)同(tong)學科領域基(ji)礎(chu)數(shu)據(ju)共(gong)享(xiang)，針對重(zhong)點區域與(yu)(yu)重(zhong)點問(wen)題開展協(xie)(xie)同(tong)攻關(guan)，科學提(ti)出空(kong)氣質(zhi)量持續改善的時(shi)間表與(yu)(yu)路線圖(tu)，為實現(xian)“藍(lan)天白云、繁星閃爍”提(ti)供支撐。
加(jia)快綠色(se)低碳(tan)(tan)轉型步伐。以新一代人工智能為代表的(de)(de)數(shu)字技(ji)術(shu)(shu)，正推動全球科技(ji)革命(ming)和(he)產(chan)(chan)(chan)業(ye)變革加(jia)速演進，促進全球治理體系變革。數(shu)字化(hua)賦(fu)能生(sheng)態文(wen)明建設(she)，具有(you)“1+1>2”的(de)(de)效(xiao)能。智能制造技(ji)術(shu)(shu)強化(hua)制造業(ye)企業(ye)工藝、制造、物流等各環(huan)節(jie)的(de)(de)數(shu)據分析(xi)能力，降低產(chan)(chan)(chan)品制造污染物排(pai)放和(he)碳(tan)(tan)排(pai)放；智慧能源(yuan)(yuan)系統發(fa)掘能源(yuan)(yuan)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、傳(chuan)輸、分配(pei)、存儲等各個(ge)環(huan)節(jie)的(de)(de)數(shu)據價值，實(shi)時(shi)監測和(he)調(diao)整能源(yuan)(yuan)發(fa)電情況(kuang)，提(ti)升可再生(sheng)能源(yuan)(yuan)利用(yong)效(xiao)率；智慧城(cheng)市通過建立(li)綠色(se)生(sheng)活碳(tan)(tan)普惠平(ping)臺，將個(ge)人減排(pai)量(liang)計入個(ge)人碳(tan)(tan)資(zi)產(chan)(chan)(chan)，將無形的(de)(de)綠色(se)行為轉化(hua)為有(you)形的(de)(de)綠色(se)價值。推動經(jing)濟(ji)社(she)會高(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)發(fa)展，需要緊(jin)跟世界科技(ji)發(fa)展趨勢，擁抱數(shu)字技(ji)術(shu)(shu)，進一步提(ti)高(gao)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)活方(fang)式綠色(se)低碳(tan)(tan)轉型的(de)(de)內(nei)生(sheng)動力，讓經(jing)濟(ji)社(she)會發(fa)展含(han)綠量(liang)更高(gao)、含(han)碳(tan)(tan)量(liang)更低、含(han)金量(liang)更足。
深度推進數字技術在生態環境領域的應用
建(jian)(jian)設數(shu)(shu)字(zi)生態文明(ming)可(ke)重點從平臺構建(jian)(jian)、數(shu)(shu)據(ju)挖掘、數(shu)(shu)智融合、政策保(bao)障等方面協同發力，形(xing)成“一(yi)張(zhang)(zhang)網”“一(yi)張(zhang)(zhang)圖”，研發數(shu)(shu)據(ju)價值挖掘算法(fa)，推進數(shu)(shu)字(zi)技(ji)術在生態環(huan)境領域的深度(du)應用，發揮(hui)好數(shu)(shu)字(zi)生態環(huan)境科(ke)技(ji)在美麗中國建(jian)(jian)設中的基礎性、引領性作(zuo)用。
健全(quan)天空(kong)(kong)地立體智能感知“一(yi)張網(wang)”。信息的(de)采集和傳輸是數(shu)字生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文(wen)明(ming)建設的(de)關鍵(jian)環(huan)節。當前，要(yao)(yao)做好(hao)(hao)數(shu)字生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)文(wen)明(ming)基礎(chu)設施(shi)建設的(de)頂層設計，構(gou)建生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)天空(kong)(kong)地立體化(hua)多(duo)源監測(ce)(ce)(ce)感知網(wang)絡體系，強化(hua)衛(wei)星遙感、無(wu)人機(ji)航拍、地面自動監測(ce)(ce)(ce)站(zhan)、水(shui)下(xia)機(ji)器人、物聯網(wang)等大(da)(da)數(shu)據(ju)采集技(ji)術的(de)應(ying)用，不斷(duan)拓展監測(ce)(ce)(ce)的(de)準確度(du)和時空(kong)(kong)廣(guang)度(du)，構(gou)建起覆蓋大(da)(da)氣、水(shui)、土壤(rang)、生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)、海(hai)洋各類(lei)環(huan)境(jing)要(yao)(yao)素(su)(su)的(de)多(duo)手段綜合(he)、響應(ying)快速的(de)監測(ce)(ce)(ce)網(wang)絡，實現生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)要(yao)(yao)素(su)(su)全(quan)域監測(ce)(ce)(ce)感知。加(jia)強適應(ying)智慧決策和綠色(se)發展的(de)數(shu)字基礎(chu)設施(shi)建設，建設生(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)數(shu)據(ju)安全(quan)快速流通(tong)的(de)“信息高鐵”，為(wei)快速精準利用數(shu)據(ju)打好(hao)(hao)基礎(chu)。
形成全(quan)(quan)國生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)數據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)“一張圖”。數據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)是建設(she)數字生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)文(wen)明的(de)要素，但(dan)碎片化(hua)數據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)并(bing)不能發揮出數據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)價值。加快(kuai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)數據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)的(de)匯(hui)集工作，一方面需要推動生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)數據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)匯(hui)集交流，實現(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)監測與(yu)監控數據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)及(ji)其關聯(lian)信息跨層級貫通(tong)和跨部(bu)門(men)共享(xiang)(xiang)。全(quan)(quan)面匯(hui)集環(huan)境(jing)(jing)質量、污染源、排污口、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)功能區(qu)劃(hua)等環(huan)境(jing)(jing)數據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)，以資源共享(xiang)(xiang)、優勢互(hu)補、互(hu)利共贏推動區(qu)域(yu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)協同治(zhi)理(li)、精準(zhun)治(zhi)理(li)、整體改善，讓數據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)“跑”出大(da)價值。同時，強(qiang)化(hua)同自然資源、水利、氣象(xiang)、能源、農業(ye)、林業(ye)、交通(tong)等領域(yu)的(de)數據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)聯(lian)通(tong)，推動多(duo)源數據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)融合(he)。另一方面需要緊(jin)緊(jin)牽住標(biao)準(zhun)這個牛鼻子，健全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)數據(ju)(ju)(ju)(ju)采集、融合(he)、分類(lei)、共享(xiang)(xiang)、應用的(de)標(biao)準(zhun)規(gui)范體系，并(bing)積極(ji)推動制定生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)(jing)領域(yu)數字化(hua)的(de)國際標(biao)準(zhun)，為共建綠色“一帶一路”、建設(she)全(quan)(quan)球生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)(tai)文(wen)明貢獻中國標(biao)準(zhun)。
研(yan)(yan)發海量數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)價值挖掘算法。模型是(shi)打開數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)寶(bao)礦的(de)金(jin)鑰匙。要(yao)充分(fen)(fen)利用擴展現實、人(ren)工智(zhi)能等數(shu)(shu)(shu)字技術(shu)，加強大模型模擬(ni)，形成對生(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)演(yan)變及污染成因更為(wei)全面科學的(de)認知(zhi)，為(wei)科學決策、精準治理(li)提供多維度的(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)分(fen)(fen)析、預(yu)警預(yu)報、溯源研(yan)(yan)判手段。利用大數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)分(fen)(fen)析、人(ren)工智(zhi)能、可視(shi)化等技術(shu)，加強環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)智(zhi)能化感知(zhi)與(yu)共(gong)享、融合與(yu)推(tui)演(yan)、表征與(yu)表達(da)等數(shu)(shu)(shu)字技術(shu)的(de)研(yan)(yan)發，為(wei)生(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)監測與(yu)預(yu)警、山水(shui)林田湖草沙一體(ti)化保護和系(xi)統治理(li)、多介(jie)質(zhi)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)污染綜(zong)合防治、固(gu)廢減量與(yu)資源化、新污染物治理(li)、應對氣候(hou)變化等重(zhong)點領域(yu)注入(ru)智(zhi)慧(hui)基因，不斷豐富數(shu)(shu)(shu)字技術(shu)在生(sheng)態環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)保護領域(yu)的(de)應用場景(jing)。
推(tui)動數(shu)字(zi)技術(shu)(shu)嵌入環(huan)境(jing)治理(li)(li)(li)全(quan)過(guo)程。數(shu)字(zi)技術(shu)(shu)與環(huan)境(jing)治理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)深度融(rong)合，極大提升(sheng)生(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)治理(li)(li)(li)現代化水平(ping)。充分發揮(hui)數(shu)字(zi)技術(shu)(shu)突(tu)破信(xin)息時空限制的(de)(de)(de)優勢，暢通(tong)跨地域(yu)、跨層級、跨部門的(de)(de)(de)互動渠道(dao)，集聚(ju)政府(fu)、企業(ye)、社會(hui)公眾的(de)(de)(de)力量和智(zhi)慧，推(tui)動形成(cheng)網(wang)絡化、開放性的(de)(de)(de)多元協(xie)同治理(li)(li)(li)格局，把數(shu)字(zi)技術(shu)(shu)貫通(tong)于監(jian)測評(ping)估(gu)、監(jian)察執法等(deng)生(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)全(quan)業(ye)務、全(quan)生(sheng)命周期的(de)(de)(de)管理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)作中，提升(sheng)環(huan)境(jing)治理(li)(li)(li)效能。以生(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)治理(li)(li)(li)數(shu)字(zi)化轉型(xing)優化引領綠(lv)色發展，促(cu)進(jin)鋼鐵、煤(mei)電、化工(gong)、建材等(deng)產業(ye)轉型(xing)升(sheng)級，提高綠(lv)色全(quan)要(yao)素(su)生(sheng)產率，降低全(quan)鏈條能耗(hao)物(wu)耗(hao)，促(cu)進(jin)經濟效益(yi)和生(sheng)態效益(yi)有機統一。
打好政(zheng)策(ce)、人才、投入組合(he)拳(quan)。不斷(duan)完善有利于(yu)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)技術(shu)和(he)生(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)明建設深(shen)度融合(he)的(de)(de)政(zheng)策(ce)體(ti)系(xi)，拆(chai)除環(huan)(huan)(huan)境治理側和(he)科技供給側之間的(de)(de)藩(fan)籬，打造生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境領(ling)域(yu)重大數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)科技成果不斷(duan)涌現(xian)的(de)(de)創新環(huan)(huan)(huan)境。加(jia)強相關法律法規和(he)政(zheng)策(ce)制度研究，在保障數(shu)(shu)(shu)據安全的(de)(de)前(qian)提下，加(jia)強數(shu)(shu)(shu)據開放共享(xiang)。培養(yang)和(he)引進(jin)兼具(ju)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)技術(shu)與(yu)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境領(ling)域(yu)專業知識的(de)(de)復合(he)型跨(kua)界(jie)人才，形成立體(ti)化(hua)、高水平的(de)(de)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)技術(shu)人才梯隊。構(gou)建有利于(yu)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)生(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)明核心技術(shu)突破的(de)(de)科研管理體(ti)制機制，建立健全市場(chang)化(hua)多元投資(zi)模(mo)式，加(jia)大對生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境領(ling)域(yu)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)化(hua)戰略(lve)前(qian)沿、應用基(ji)礎研究等方(fang)面(mian)的(de)(de)支(zhi)持。
（作者為中國環(huan)境科學研究(jiu)院院長）
數字化賦能生態文明建設
任南琪
良好的(de)生(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)是最(zui)公平的(de)公共產(chan)(chan)品，是最(zui)普(pu)惠的(de)民生(sheng)福(fu)祉。習近平總書(shu)記指出：“我國經濟(ji)社會發展已進入(ru)(ru)加(jia)(jia)快綠色化(hua)(hua)、低碳化(hua)(hua)的(de)高質量發展階段，生(sheng)態(tai)文明建設仍處于(yu)壓力疊加(jia)(jia)、負重(zhong)前行的(de)關鍵期。”隨著新一輪科技革(ge)(ge)命(ming)和(he)產(chan)(chan)業變革(ge)(ge)深入(ru)(ru)發展，數字化(hua)(hua)賦(fu)能生(sheng)態(tai)文明建設已成(cheng)為提(ti)升(sheng)生(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)治理(li)現代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)水平、全(quan)面(mian)推(tui)進美麗(li)中國建設、加(jia)(jia)快推(tui)進人與自(zi)然(ran)和(he)諧共生(sheng)的(de)現代(dai)(dai)化(hua)(hua)的(de)關鍵所在(zai)。數字化(hua)(hua)賦(fu)能生(sheng)態(tai)文明建設，采(cai)用大數據、人工智能和(he)區塊鏈等技術(shu)，深入(ru)(ru)挖(wa)掘(jue)、融(rong)合應用生(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)數據，構建智慧高效的(de)生(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)管理(li)信息化(hua)(hua)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)，全(quan)面(mian)提(ti)升(sheng)環境(jing)治理(li)的(de)整體(ti)性、系(xi)(xi)統性、協(xie)同性，推(tui)動形成(cheng)綠色智慧的(de)生(sheng)產(chan)(chan)生(sheng)活方式，使天更(geng)藍、地更(geng)綠、水更(geng)清，萬里河(he)山更(geng)加(jia)(jia)多姿多彩，不斷提(ti)升(sheng)人民群眾生(sheng)態(tai)環境(jing)獲(huo)得(de)感、幸福(fu)感、安全(quan)感。
數(shu)字(zi)技(ji)術(shu)創新生態治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理路徑和(he)模(mo)式(shi)，為(wei)(wei)人民群(qun)(qun)眾提供(gong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)化的(de)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)服務(wu)。生態環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)的(de)不可(ke)分(fen)割性及其關聯要素的(de)多(duo)(duo)元性，決定了生態環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理必須堅持(chi)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)觀(guan)念，做到統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)籌兼顧、整體施策(ce)、多(duo)(duo)措并舉。通(tong)過(guo)高效的(de)數(shu)據匯(hui)聚和(he)人工智(zhi)能(neng)(neng)、云計(ji)算、數(shu)字(zi)孿生等先進(jin)技(ji)術(shu)，可(ke)以有效提升環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理所必需(xu)的(de)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)攬全局能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)、頂層設計(ji)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)、監測(ce)感知能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)、預(yu)(yu)警預(yu)(yu)報(bao)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)、智(zhi)慧(hui)決策(ce)能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)和(he)應(ying)急處置能(neng)(neng)力(li)(li)，為(wei)(wei)生態治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理全系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)全流程提供(gong)智(zhi)慧(hui)支撐，為(wei)(wei)人民群(qun)(qun)眾提供(gong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)化的(de)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)服務(wu)。以城(cheng)(cheng)市水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)為(wei)(wei)例(li)，隨著城(cheng)(cheng)鎮化進(jin)程加(jia)快，城(cheng)(cheng)市水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)面臨(lin)城(cheng)(cheng)市水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)安(an)全風險、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)生態破壞、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源短(duan)缺、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)污染等挑戰，特別是城(cheng)(cheng)市內澇的(de)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)理等問題引起人們廣泛關注。通(tong)過(guo)建(jian)立基于(yu)AI+大數(shu)據的(de)城(cheng)(cheng)市水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)智(zhi)慧(hui)管(guan)控(kong)系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)，聯動城(cheng)(cheng)市廠—站—網—河(he)體系(xi)(xi)(xi)，通(tong)盤考慮城(cheng)(cheng)市水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)資源、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)生態、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)安(an)全、水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)文化，可(ke)以實現對地表水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、污水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、生態用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、自然降水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、地下水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)等統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)籌管(guan)理、綜合保護與系(xi)(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)(tong)(tong)利用(yong)，不斷滿足人民日益增長(chang)的(de)優美(mei)生態環(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)需(xu)要。
數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)技(ji)術促進(jin)(jin)發展方(fang)式綠色升級，幫助企(qi)業推進(jin)(jin)綠色轉(zhuan)型。數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)技(ji)術的(de)快速發展為(wei)促進(jin)(jin)減(jian)污降碳(tan)協同增效(xiao)提供了新(xin)思路新(xin)方(fang)法(fa)，推動污染(ran)防治(zhi)從末(mo)端治(zhi)理(li)轉(zhuan)向源頭控(kong)制(zhi)。一方(fang)面(mian)，數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)技(ji)術有助于節能(neng)減(jian)排。通過采集、加工、處理(li)生(sheng)產數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)，數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)技(ji)術可(ke)以對生(sheng)產全鏈條進(jin)(jin)行實時監測，并能(neng)根(gen)據(ju)需求變化精準(zhun)調控(kong)生(sheng)產管理(li)方(fang)式，提升資源配置(zhi)效(xiao)率，減(jian)少資源能(neng)源的(de)消耗和浪(lang)費(fei)。另一方(fang)面(mian)，數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)技(ji)術可(ke)以為(wei)企(qi)業提供信息共享平臺，降低企(qi)業研發創新(xin)的(de)不確定性，支持企(qi)業從事創新(xin)活動，提升企(qi)業生(sheng)產效(xiao)率，降低單位產值(zhi)的(de)碳(tan)排放量(liang)與污染(ran)物排放量(liang)。生(sheng)產運營數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)化已經成為(wei)企(qi)業重要的(de)減(jian)碳(tan)著力(li)點，與人工智能(neng)相(xiang)關的(de)技(ji)術減(jian)碳(tan)貢獻占比將逐年(nian)提升，發揮越來(lai)越重要的(de)作用。
數字(zi)技(ji)術推動環(huan)境(jing)領域科學(xue)(xue)范式變革(ge)，為人民群眾(zhong)(zhong)提(ti)(ti)供更智能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)活(huo)(huo)空(kong)間。環(huan)境(jing)學(xue)(xue)是(shi)以(yi)生(sheng)物、化(hua)學(xue)(xue)、物理、材料(liao)等學(xue)(xue)科知(zhi)識(shi)體系(xi)為基礎(chu)，通(tong)過(guo)(guo)實踐(jian)經驗反(fan)哺理論體系(xi)所(suo)形(xing)成的(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)門促進人與(yu)(yu)自(zi)然(ran)和諧共生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)科學(xue)(xue)。數字(zi)技(ji)術成為連接多(duo)學(xue)(xue)科知(zhi)識(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)紐帶(dai)，可(ke)以(yi)彌補原有知(zhi)識(shi)體系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)缺口(kou)，推動生(sheng)態文明領域多(duo)學(xue)(xue)科知(zhi)識(shi)發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)融(rong)合聚變的(de)(de)(de)(de)“化(hua)學(xue)(xue)反(fan)應(ying)”。利用(yong)AI+大(da)數據可(ke)以(yi)有效挖掘實踐(jian)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)復雜非線性(xing)映(ying)射關(guan)系(xi)，通(tong)過(guo)(guo)知(zhi)識(shi)嵌入、知(zhi)識(shi)學(xue)(xue)習(xi)，實現實踐(jian)經驗到科學(xue)(xue)理論的(de)(de)(de)(de)升華。我國一(yi)些城市(shi)洪(hong)澇災(zai)害易(yi)發(fa)(fa)多(duo)發(fa)(fa)，對居民的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)命(ming)財(cai)產安(an)全和正常生(sheng)產生(sheng)活(huo)(huo)造(zao)成威脅。按照多(duo)學(xue)(xue)科系(xi)統思維，以(yi)我國多(duo)年(nian)城市(shi)排水(shui)建(jian)設經驗為基礎(chu)，可(ke)以(yi)構建(jian)社(she)會水(shui)循(xun)環(huan)與(yu)(yu)自(zi)然(ran)水(shui)循(xun)環(huan)統籌(chou)管控系(xi)統，發(fa)(fa)揮自(zi)然(ran)系(xi)統滲、滯、蓄、凈(jing)與(yu)(yu)人工強化(hua)功能(neng)作用(yong)，讓海(hai)綿城市(shi)在適應(ying)環(huan)境(jing)變化(hua)與(yu)(yu)應(ying)對自(zi)然(ran)災(zai)害等方(fang)面具有更好的(de)(de)(de)(de)彈性(xing)與(yu)(yu)韌性(xing)，在提(ti)(ti)升城市(shi)安(an)全水(shui)平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)同時助(zhu)力人民群眾(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)設更高品質、更智能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)活(huo)(huo)空(kong)間。
數(shu)字化賦能生態(tai)文明建(jian)設是一場前(qian)所未有的深刻變革，數(shu)字化、智能化為生態(tai)文明建(jian)設提(ti)供了新路(lu)徑。我們要擁抱數(shu)字技(ji)(ji)術，不斷開展(zhan)科技(ji)(ji)攻(gong)關，拓展(zhan)數(shu)字化應用，持續為生態(tai)環境改(gai)善(shan)和高質量(liang)發展(zhan)、高水平保護注入新動能，讓人民群眾過上更(geng)美好更(geng)健康的生活。
（作者為(wei)中國工(gong)程院(yuan)(yuan)院(yuan)(yuan)士、哈(ha)爾(er)濱工(gong)業大學(xue)教授）
數字化與綠色化深度融合
為人與自然和諧共生的現代化提供有力科技支撐
林智欽
習(xi)近平總書(shu)記在全國生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境保(bao)護大會上提出“建設綠色智慧的(de)數(shu)字生(sheng)態(tai)文(wen)明”，為進(jin)一步強化綠色科技創新、推(tui)動(dong)生(sheng)態(tai)環(huan)境保(bao)護指(zhi)明了努力方向(xiang)，提供了重要(yao)遵循(xun)。面對信息化浪潮(chao)，要(yao)加強數(shu)字技術研發和應用，為推(tui)進(jin)人與自然(ran)和諧共生(sheng)的(de)現代化提供有(you)力科技支撐。
以數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)技(ji)(ji)術創新(xin)(xin)拓(tuo)(tuo)展(zhan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)路徑(jing)。數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)技(ji)(ji)術居于(yu)科技(ji)(ji)創新(xin)(xin)前(qian)沿(yan)，具(ju)有(you)高(gao)創新(xin)(xin)性(xing)、強(qiang)滲透性(xing)、廣覆蓋性(xing)等特征(zheng)，是世界科技(ji)(ji)革命(ming)和(he)(he)產業變革的(de)(de)先導力量。數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)技(ji)(ji)術在(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)領域的(de)(de)廣泛運用(yong)，有(you)助于(yu)準確(que)識別、實(shi)時(shi)追蹤環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)，為及時(shi)研判(pan)、科學(xue)解決生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)問題(ti)提(ti)供(gong)參(can)考。當前(qian)，以數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)技(ji)(ji)術創新(xin)(xin)驅動生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)護，已成為全球生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)重要(yao)議題(ti)。借助海量數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)和(he)(he)強(qiang)大算力，運用(yong)大數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)、云計(ji)算、人工智能(neng)(neng)等數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)技(ji)(ji)術手(shou)段，能(neng)(neng)夠有(you)效(xiao)提(ti)升生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)保(bao)護的(de)(de)系(xi)統性(xing)、協同(tong)(tong)性(xing)、精(jing)(jing)準性(xing)，推(tui)動山水(shui)林田(tian)湖草沙一(yi)(yi)體(ti)化(hua)保(bao)護和(he)(he)系(xi)統治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)。例如，為推(tui)進精(jing)(jing)準治(zhi)(zhi)污、科學(xue)治(zhi)(zhi)污、依法(fa)治(zhi)(zhi)污，我國一(yi)(yi)些地方(fang)(fang)運用(yong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)理(li)(li)統計(ji)、數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)模擬、基因(yin)算法(fa)、大數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)、機器(qi)學(xue)習等智能(neng)(neng)手(shou)段，融合多維(wei)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)，著力構建(jian)從(cong)污染源(yuan)排放(fang)到(dao)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)質量變化(hua)的(de)(de)完整數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)(ju)鏈，為在(zai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)污染防治(zhi)(zhi)中實(shi)現(xian)精(jing)(jing)準溯源(yuan)和(he)(he)精(jing)(jing)準預(yu)測(ce)提(ti)供(gong)了(le)(le)有(you)力技(ji)(ji)術支(zhi)撐。在(zai)水(shui)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)方(fang)(fang)面，一(yi)(yi)些地方(fang)(fang)利用(yong)魚(yu)類(lei)多樣性(xing)智能(neng)(neng)監(jian)測(ce)系(xi)統，實(shi)現(xian)水(shui)下主要(yao)魚(yu)種的(de)(de)動態(tai)(tai)監(jian)測(ce)與識別。運用(yong)浮(fu)游(you)植(zhi)物智能(neng)(neng)鑒(jian)定系(xi)統，實(shi)現(xian)藻類(lei)的(de)(de)AI圖像識別與統計(ji)分析(xi)，顯(xian)著提(ti)高(gao)了(le)(le)浮(fu)游(you)植(zhi)物鑒(jian)定效(xiao)率。實(shi)踐證明，生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)是一(yi)(yi)項具(ju)有(you)高(gao)度專業性(xing)、協同(tong)(tong)性(xing)、復雜性(xing)的(de)(de)系(xi)統工程。數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)技(ji)(ji)術的(de)(de)廣泛應用(yong)，為生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)裝上了(le)(le)高(gao)效(xiao)監(jian)測(ce)、主動預(yu)警的(de)(de)“千里眼”“順風(feng)耳”，提(ti)供(gong)了(le)(le)科學(xue)分析(xi)、有(you)效(xiao)應對(dui)的(de)(de)“智慧腦”“靈巧手(shou)”，豐(feng)富和(he)(he)拓(tuo)(tuo)展(zhan)了(le)(le)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境(jing)(jing)(jing)(jing)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)路徑(jing)。
以(yi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)促進(jin)經(jing)(jing)濟社會(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)面(mian)綠(lv)色(se)(se)(se)轉(zhuan)型(xing)(xing)。生態(tai)環境(jing)問題歸根到底是發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)方(fang)式和(he)生活方(fang)式問題。解決生態(tai)環境(jing)問題，實現高(gao)質量發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，需要(yao)(yao)依靠科(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)創新開辟發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)新領(ling)域新賽道(dao)，實現發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)動力(li)(li)變革和(he)動能(neng)(neng)轉(zhuan)換。建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)綠(lv)色(se)(se)(se)智慧(hui)的(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)生態(tai)文明(ming)，一(yi)項重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)任(ren)務(wu)在于以(yi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)促進(jin)綠(lv)色(se)(se)(se)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)，在數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、綠(lv)色(se)(se)(se)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)協(xie)同(tong)(tong)轉(zhuan)型(xing)(xing)中(zhong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)立(li)健(jian)全(quan)綠(lv)色(se)(se)(se)低碳(tan)循(xun)環發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)經(jing)(jing)濟體系(xi)，推(tui)動經(jing)(jing)濟社會(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)面(mian)綠(lv)色(se)(se)(se)轉(zhuan)型(xing)(xing)。近年來，借助大(da)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)、人(ren)(ren)工(gong)智能(neng)(neng)、區塊鏈(lian)等(deng)新一(yi)代數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)，通過以(yi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)生態(tai)文明(ming)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)促進(jin)綠(lv)色(se)(se)(se)低碳(tan)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，我(wo)國(guo)(guo)生態(tai)環境(jing)智慧(hui)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)水平不斷(duan)提升。例(li)如，在能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)轉(zhuan)型(xing)(xing)升級(ji)(ji)方(fang)面(mian)，一(yi)些(xie)地方(fang)利(li)用(yong)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)和(he)智慧(hui)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)新型(xing)(xing)電力(li)(li)系(xi)統，推(tui)動數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)、大(da)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)(ju)、人(ren)(ren)工(gong)智能(neng)(neng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)與(yu)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)清(qing)潔高(gao)效開發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)利(li)用(yong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)有機融(rong)合(he)，發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)掘(jue)和(he)培育能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)產業轉(zhuan)型(xing)(xing)升級(ji)(ji)的(de)(de)增(zeng)長(chang)點。在工(gong)業園區建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)方(fang)面(mian)，一(yi)些(xie)地方(fang)綜合(he)運用(yong)工(gong)業物(wu)聯網、標(biao)識解析、人(ren)(ren)工(gong)智能(neng)(neng)等(deng)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)構(gou)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)起集安監、環保、能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)等(deng)多元化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)監管與(yu)應急聯控為(wei)一(yi)體的(de)(de)“工(gong)業環境(jing)大(da)腦”，為(wei)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)資源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)友好、綠(lv)色(se)(se)(se)可(ke)持續發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)智慧(hui)工(gong)業園區積累了寶貴經(jing)(jing)驗。同(tong)(tong)時也應看到，我(wo)國(guo)(guo)生態(tai)文明(ming)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)仍處于壓力(li)(li)疊加(jia)、負重(zhong)前行的(de)(de)關鍵期，生態(tai)環境(jing)保護結構(gou)性、根源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)性、趨勢性壓力(li)(li)尚未根本緩解，以(yi)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)治(zhi)(zhi)理(li)促進(jin)經(jing)(jing)濟社會(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)面(mian)綠(lv)色(se)(se)(se)轉(zhuan)型(xing)(xing)依然任(ren)重(zhong)道(dao)遠，需要(yao)(yao)大(da)力(li)(li)推(tui)進(jin)數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)與(yu)綠(lv)色(se)(se)(se)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)融(rong)合(he)，著力(li)(li)降(jiang)低全(quan)鏈(lian)條能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)耗，在生產效率和(he)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)(yuan)效能(neng)(neng)共同(tong)(tong)提升、數(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)和(he)實體經(jing)(jing)濟深度融(rong)合(he)中(zhong)，讓經(jing)(jing)濟社會(hui)發(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)質量更高(gao)、成色(se)(se)(se)更足。
以數(shu)字化(hua)(hua)應用(yong)引(yin)(yin)領和推(tui)動(dong)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)智(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)(hui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)養成。綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)發展(zhan)既是生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)變革，也意味著(zhu)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)轉變。伴隨數(shu)字技(ji)術的(de)(de)發展(zhan)，綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)消費、綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)出行(xing)、綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)家居(ju)等方(fang)(fang)(fang)面的(de)(de)數(shu)字化(hua)(hua)應用(yong)在(zai)(zai)日常生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)更加(jia)普(pu)及，正在(zai)(zai)吸引(yin)(yin)越來越多(duo)(duo)的(de)(de)人加(jia)入(ru)到(dao)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)智(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)(hui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)的(de)(de)行(xing)列中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)來。目前，一些(xie)地方(fang)(fang)(fang)在(zai)(zai)智(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)(hui)社(she)區建(jian)設(she)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)堅持以群眾需求為(wei)導向，積極拓展(zhan)數(shu)字技(ji)術的(de)(de)應用(yong)服(fu)務(wu)場景，著(zhu)力創新(xin)政務(wu)服(fu)務(wu)、公(gong)共服(fu)務(wu)方(fang)(fang)(fang)式(shi)(shi)，推(tui)動(dong)就業(ye)、健康、衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)、醫(yi)(yi)療等服(fu)務(wu)“指(zhi)尖辦”“網上辦”“就近辦”，通過(guo)讓數(shu)據(ju)多(duo)(duo)跑路、群眾少跑腿，高效聚(ju)合社(she)區周邊生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)服(fu)務(wu)資源，建(jian)設(she)便民(min)惠民(min)智(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)(hui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)服(fu)務(wu)圈(quan)，更好滿足社(she)區居(ju)民(min)的(de)(de)多(duo)(duo)元化(hua)(hua)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)需求。此外，線(xian)上課堂、智(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)(hui)醫(yi)(yi)療、智(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)(hui)圖書館等數(shu)字技(ji)術的(de)(de)場景應用(yong)，在(zai)(zai)給社(she)會(hui)(hui)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)(huo)帶來便利，滿足群眾日益多(duo)(duo)樣化(hua)(hua)、個(ge)性化(hua)(hua)需求的(de)(de)同(tong)時(shi)，也從(cong)技(ji)術層面強化(hua)(hua)了全社(she)會(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)節約意識、環保(bao)意識、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態意識，在(zai)(zai)潛移默化(hua)(hua)、潤物無聲(sheng)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)讓綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)發展(zhan)的(de)(de)種(zhong)子在(zai)(zai)人們(men)心中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)落地生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)根，為(wei)建(jian)設(she)綠(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)(se)智(zhi)(zhi)慧(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)數(shu)字生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態文(wen)明營造良好社(she)會(hui)(hui)氛(fen)圍。
（作者為北京(jing)市習(xi)近平新時代中(zhong)國特(te)色社會主義思想研究(jiu)中(zhong)心特(te)約研究(jiu)員）
原標題：人民日報整版探討：數字化、智能化為生態文明建設提供新路徑
人民網－人民日報
責任編輯：岳弘彬、牛鏞
頁面編輯：蘇偉