當前，世(shi)界(jie)百(bai)年(nian)未有之(zhi)大變(bian)局加(jia)速演進(jin)；全球新一輪(lun)科(ke)(ke)技革(ge)命和產業變(bian)革(ge)深(shen)入(ru)發(fa)展，催生(sheng)出大數(shu)據(ju)、云計(ji)算、人(ren)工智(zhi)能、物聯網(wang)、區塊鏈(lian)等新一代(dai)信(xin)息技術，數(shu)字(zi)(zi)技術革(ge)命成(cheng)為(wei)推動世(shi)界(jie)之(zhi)變(bian)、時代(dai)之(zhi)變(bian)、歷史之(zhi)變(bian)的重要驅動力(li)。發(fa)展數(shu)字(zi)(zi)經(jing)濟(ji)、數(shu)字(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)是(shi)擁抱新一輪(lun)科(ke)(ke)技革(ge)命、開(kai)創(chuang)新的技術—經(jing)濟(ji)范式的必然之(zhi)選。2023年(nian)召開(kai)的中央金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)工作(zuo)會議提出做好(hao)科(ke)(ke)技金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)、綠色金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)、普惠金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)、養(yang)老金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)、數(shu)字(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)五篇(pian)大文(wen)章，對數(shu)字(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)高(gao)質量發(fa)展提出了新要求。做好(hao)數(shu)字(zi)(zi)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)這(zhe)篇(pian)大文(wen)章，需(xu)要抓住數(shu)字(zi)(zi)技術革(ge)命的機遇，推動金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)與數(shu)字(zi)(zi)技術的有機融(rong)(rong)(rong)合，著力(li)提升金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)服(fu)務(wu)實體經(jing)濟(ji)質效，強化系統性風險防控(kong)，不斷滿足經(jing)濟(ji)社會發(fa)展和人(ren)民(min)群眾金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)服(fu)務(wu)需(xu)求，加(jia)快建設(she)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)強國(guo)。
中國數字金融發展成就卓著
數(shu)(shu)字金融(rong)具有數(shu)(shu)字與(yu)金融(rong)的雙重屬性，能夠加速(su)資金、信(xin)息、數(shu)(shu)字等要素的自由流通與(yu)有效配置，矯正(zheng)傳統金融(rong)因信(xin)息不對稱引發的市場(chang)失靈(ling)和(he)金融(rong)割裂問題。數(shu)(shu)字金融(rong)業(ye)務(wu)模(mo)式和(he)業(ye)態(tai)正(zheng)在不斷進化之中，目前(qian)主要包(bao)括數(shu)(shu)字貨幣(bi)(bi)、數(shu)(shu)字支付(fu)、數(shu)(shu)字信(xin)貸(dai)、數(shu)(shu)字證(zheng)券、數(shu)(shu)字保險、數(shu)(shu)字理財等金融(rong)業(ye)態(tai)。近年來，我國數(shu)(shu)字金融(rong)發展成(cheng)就卓著，移(yi)動支付(fu)、數(shu)(shu)字信(xin)貸(dai)、央行數(shu)(shu)字貨幣(bi)(bi)、金融(rong)科(ke)技(ji)創新能力、金融(rong)科(ke)技(ji)企業(ye)價值等領域已走在全球前(qian)列。
在移(yi)(yi)動支(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)領域，我國移(yi)(yi)動支(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)的(de)(de)應用和推廣進(jin)展迅速。目(mu)前我國兩大移(yi)(yi)動支(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)平臺的(de)(de)用戶(hu)數均已超過10億(yi)，是著(zhu)名(ming)支(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)服務提供商PayPal全球(qiu)用戶(hu)數的(de)(de)三倍以上，移(yi)(yi)動支(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)普及率達到(dao)86%，居(ju)全球(qiu)第(di)一。
在數字(zi)(zi)信(xin)貸領(ling)域，我國數字(zi)(zi)信(xin)貸規(gui)模全(quan)球(qiu)最(zui)大(da)，大(da)幅(fu)領(ling)先歐美國家。國際清(qing)算銀行研究(jiu)報告顯示，全(quan)球(qiu)數字(zi)(zi)信(xin)貸在2013年僅(jin)為180億(yi)(yi)(yi)美元(yuan)，而(er)到(dao)了2019年已達(da)到(dao)7955億(yi)(yi)(yi)美元(yuan)，年均(jun)復合(he)增(zeng)長88.0%。這(zhe)段時期中(zhong)國數字(zi)(zi)信(xin)貸規(gui)模年均(jun)復合(he)增(zeng)長125.1%，其中(zhong)2019年中(zhong)國數字(zi)(zi)信(xin)貸規(gui)模達(da)到(dao)6267億(yi)(yi)(yi)美元(yuan)，占(zhan)全(quan)球(qiu)數字(zi)(zi)信(xin)貸總(zong)量的78.8%。
在(zai)央行(xing)(xing)(xing)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)貨(huo)幣領域，我國數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)幣推廣應用加(jia)快，跨境結算(suan)取得(de)積極進展(zhan)。當前數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)幣試(shi)點(dian)范(fan)圍已(yi)(yi)擴(kuo)大至(zhi)17個省份的(de)26個地區，覆蓋(gai)應用場景越發豐富(fu)，交易金(jin)額加(jia)速上(shang)升。截(jie)至(zhi)2023年3月(yue)，試(shi)點(dian)地區數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)幣錢包(bao)總余額為86.7億元，累計交易金(jin)額8918.6億元，交易筆數(shu)(shu)(shu)達7.5億筆。我國央行(xing)(xing)(xing)已(yi)(yi)深度參(can)與多邊央行(xing)(xing)(xing)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)貨(huo)幣橋項(xiang)目，在(zai)系統建設與平(ping)臺接(jie)入方面均具備先發優勢。同時，中國人(ren)(ren)民(min)(min)銀行(xing)(xing)(xing)提出的(de)“無損(sun)”“合(he)規”“互通”三(san)大原則(ze)已(yi)(yi)由(you)國際(ji)清算(suan)銀行(xing)(xing)(xing)提議成(cheng)為多邊央行(xing)(xing)(xing)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)貨(huo)幣橋項(xiang)目的(de)基本原則(ze)。
在金融(rong)科(ke)技(ji)創(chuang)新能力方面，中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)金融(rong)科(ke)技(ji)專利申請量占(zhan)據領先(xian)優勢。2018年以來(lai)，全(quan)球(qiu)金融(rong)科(ke)技(ji)專利申請量突破34萬(wan)件，中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)和美國(guo)(guo)(guo)是金融(rong)科(ke)技(ji)行業(ye)(ye)技(ji)術創(chuang)新的重要引領國(guo)(guo)(guo)，兩國(guo)(guo)(guo)專利占(zhan)全(quan)球(qiu)的比重高達64.5%。從國(guo)(guo)(guo)別(bie)看，中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)金融(rong)科(ke)技(ji)專利占(zhan)比為44.3%，位(wei)列第一(yi)，美國(guo)(guo)(guo)以20.2%排名第二，韓國(guo)(guo)(guo)、日本分別(bie)以10.5%、6.9%排在第三、四位(wei)。從金融(rong)科(ke)技(ji)專利持有(you)人(ren)分布來(lai)看，位(wei)于前10的專利權人(ren)中(zhong)(zhong)有(you)8家(jia)中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)企業(ye)(ye)，2家(jia)來(lai)自美國(guo)(guo)(guo)。
在(zai)金(jin)融(rong)科技(ji)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業價值方面(mian)，中(zhong)國(guo)金(jin)融(rong)科技(ji)獨角(jiao)(jiao)獸(shou)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業在(zai)頭部領域具有突出(chu)優勢。《2023全球(qiu)獨角(jiao)(jiao)獸(shou)榜(bang)》顯示，截至2022年12月底，全球(qiu)排名前10的獨角(jiao)(jiao)獸(shou)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業中(zhong)金(jin)融(rong)科技(ji)行業占據4家，其中(zhong)最具價值的金(jin)融(rong)科技(ji)獨角(jiao)(jiao)獸(shou)來自(zi)中(zhong)國(guo)。
數字金融有助于提升金融服務實體經濟的質效
借助于大數(shu)據(ju)、人工智能(neng)(neng)、云計(ji)算、區塊鏈等數(shu)字技術，數(shu)字金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)可以通過降低金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)服務成本、減少信息(xi)不對稱，不斷(duan)提高(gao)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)服務效(xiao)率，增進(jin)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)服務的普(pu)惠性，增強(qiang)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)風(feng)險管理能(neng)(neng)力，全(quan)面(mian)提升(sheng)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)服務實體經濟的質效(xiao)。
首先，數(shu)(shu)字金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)能夠提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率。通過廣泛(fan)應(ying)用(yong)前(qian)沿數(shu)(shu)字技(ji)(ji)術，數(shu)(shu)字金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)可以有效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)突(tu)破傳統(tong)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)空間界(jie)限和(he)(he)數(shu)(shu)量約(yue)束，創(chuang)新(xin)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)機構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)經營管理(li)模(mo)式、流程和(he)(he)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)，提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)升金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率和(he)(he)覆蓋范(fan)圍。其一(yi)，新(xin)興的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)科技(ji)(ji)公司提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)供了(le)靈(ling)活、高(gao)(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)、個性化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)。金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)科技(ji)(ji)公司在(zai)開展(zhan)數(shu)(shu)字消(xiao)費(fei)信貸(dai)和(he)(he)小(xiao)額(e)經營性貸(dai)款業務(wu)(wu)(wu)過程中，運(yun)(yun)用(yong)大數(shu)(shu)據技(ji)(ji)術對(dui)用(yong)戶“畫像”，對(dui)違約(yue)概率的(de)(de)(de)估計更(geng)(geng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)準確，能夠提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)供更(geng)(geng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)個性化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)，在(zai)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)升融(rong)(rong)資(zi)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率的(de)(de)(de)同(tong)時將(jiang)違約(yue)概率維持(chi)在(zai)較低水(shui)平。金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)科技(ji)(ji)公司搭(da)建的(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)字支付系(xi)統(tong)簡(jian)化(hua)了(le)交易過程，減少了(le)交易時間和(he)(he)成本，提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)了(le)支付效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率，進而(er)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)升了(le)整個經濟(ji)的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)行效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率。其二，傳統(tong)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)機構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)字化(hua)轉型(xing)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)升了(le)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)。一(yi)方(fang)面，數(shu)(shu)字金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)為(wei)信貸(dai)市場(chang)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)供了(le)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)與服(fu)(fu)務(wu)(wu)(wu)模(mo)式，為(wei)同(tong)質(zhi)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)信貸(dai)市場(chang)注入(ru)新(xin)鮮血(xue)液，能夠有效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)升信貸(dai)市場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)競(jing)爭強度和(he)(he)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)質(zhi)量，推動金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)市場(chang)高(gao)(gao)質(zhi)量發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)。另(ling)一(yi)方(fang)面，數(shu)(shu)字金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)創(chuang)新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)大量數(shu)(shu)字化(hua)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)對(dui)傳統(tong)金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)機構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)營利模(mo)式造(zao)成沖擊，并由此倒逼金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)機構(gou)大力拓展(zhan)營利途(tu)徑，開發(fa)(fa)更(geng)(geng)加(jia)(jia)(jia)多元(yuan)化(hua)和(he)(he)市場(chang)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)產(chan)(chan)品(pin)(pin)(pin)，提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)自身資(zi)產(chan)(chan)配(pei)置效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率，繼而(er)提(ti)(ti)(ti)(ti)升金(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)市場(chang)運(yun)(yun)行效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率。
其(qi)次，數(shu)(shu)(shu)字金(jin)融增進了(le)(le)金(jin)融服務的(de)(de)普惠性(xing)。對于世界各國(guo)(guo)而言，向小(xiao)微(wei)企業(ye)和低收入家庭提供有(you)效的(de)(de)、可持(chi)續的(de)(de)金(jin)融服務都存在極大挑戰，而中國(guo)(guo)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字金(jin)融行業(ye)的(de)(de)快(kuai)速崛起，證明(ming)了(le)(le)在數(shu)(shu)(shu)字技(ji)術的(de)(de)賦能下，以(yi)移動支(zhi)付、數(shu)(shu)(shu)字信(xin)貸等代(dai)表的(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字金(jin)融，能夠有(you)效克服地(di)理障礙與傳統風險評(ping)估的(de)(de)盲點，實(shi)現(xian)以(yi)較低成本向小(xiao)微(wei)企業(ye)和各地(di)各類人群尤(you)其(qi)是欠發(fa)達地(di)區和社會(hui)低收入者提供較為便捷的(de)(de)金(jin)融服務。近年來，數(shu)(shu)(shu)字金(jin)融在中國(guo)(guo)發(fa)展迅速，越(yue)來越(yue)多的(de)(de)農村居民以(yi)及小(xiao)微(wei)企業(ye)享受到了(le)(le)便捷的(de)(de)金(jin)融服務。
最(zui)后，數(shu)字(zi)(zi)金融(rong)(rong)能夠增強金融(rong)(rong)機構的(de)(de)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險管(guan)理(li)能力。金融(rong)(rong)科(ke)技公司可以利用(yong)(yong)大數(shu)據(ju)減(jian)少信(xin)息不對稱，增強風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險識別(bie)與管(guan)理(li)能力。一(yi)是(shi)減(jian)少商業(ye)銀行的(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)產(chan)和(he)負(fu)債(zhai)(zhai)之間(jian)的(de)(de)期限錯配風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險和(he)流(liu)動(dong)性(xing)錯配風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險。隨(sui)著數(shu)字(zi)(zi)金融(rong)(rong)快(kuai)速發展，大數(shu)據(ju)、人工(gong)智能和(he)數(shu)字(zi)(zi)算法(fa)等(deng)(deng)前(qian)沿技術的(de)(de)引入，不僅推(tui)動(dong)了(le)商業(ye)銀行資(zi)(zi)產(chan)負(fu)債(zhai)(zhai)結(jie)構的(de)(de)迅速轉變(bian)，還促進了(le)其負(fu)債(zhai)(zhai)結(jie)構的(de)(de)多元化轉型。銀行通過建(jian)立實(shi)時(shi)大數(shu)據(ju)動(dong)態風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險評估(gu)框架(jia)，可以提高對自身資(zi)(zi)產(chan)負(fu)債(zhai)(zhai)期限結(jie)構和(he)流(liu)動(dong)性(xing)結(jie)構的(de)(de)判(pan)斷(duan)能力，繼(ji)而降低資(zi)(zi)產(chan)負(fu)債(zhai)(zhai)到期損失，增強對流(liu)動(dong)性(xing)頭寸數(shu)量(liang)的(de)(de)有效控制(zhi)。二是(shi)有效彌(mi)補傳統金融(rong)(rong)機構的(de)(de)量(liang)化風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險管(guan)理(li)短板(ban)。數(shu)字(zi)(zi)金融(rong)(rong)可以利用(yong)(yong)全面場景應用(yong)(yong)、大數(shu)據(ju)等(deng)(deng)技術，提升風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險評估(gu)、反(fan)欺詐、金融(rong)(rong)服務合同分析、貸(dai)前(qian)審查和(he)貸(dai)后管(guan)理(li)等(deng)(deng)方面的(de)(de)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險管(guan)控能力。
推動數字金融高質量發展
做好數(shu)(shu)字金融這篇大文(wen)章(zhang)，必須緊(jin)緊(jin)圍(wei)繞(rao)提(ti)質(zhi)增效和防控風(feng)險(xian)的目標，完善數(shu)(shu)字基(ji)礎設施(shi)，提(ti)升(sheng)數(shu)(shu)字化監管(guan)能力(li)(li)，加強數(shu)(shu)字技(ji)術原始創(chuang)新(xin)，參與(yu)全(quan)球數(shu)(shu)字規(gui)則制定，推動數(shu)(shu)字金融高(gao)質(zhi)量發(fa)展，助力(li)(li)金融強國建(jian)設。
一(yi)(yi)是(shi)完(wan)善(shan)(shan)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)基(ji)礎設(she)施(shi)，促進(jin)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)金(jin)融均衡發展。目前我國數(shu)(shu)字(zi)金(jin)融布局與發展仍不(bu)平(ping)衡，經濟欠發達地(di)區(qu)(qu)及鄉村(cun)(cun)的(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)化技術(shu)使用(yong)在提(ti)高(gao)金(jin)融服務(wu)匹配方面的(de)(de)效率和質量不(bu)高(gao)。為此，必須加快完(wan)善(shan)(shan)明顯制約數(shu)(shu)字(zi)金(jin)融發展的(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)基(ji)礎設(she)施(shi)，以安(an)全多方計算、區(qu)(qu)塊鏈、聯(lian)邦學習、大數(shu)(shu)據(ju)、云計算等(deng)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)科技為基(ji)礎，構建(jian)(jian)安(an)全、合規、統一(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)要素平(ping)臺，推進(jin)區(qu)(qu)域數(shu)(shu)據(ju)中(zhong)心(xin)集約化建(jian)(jian)設(she)，加快大數(shu)(shu)據(ju)傳(chuan)輸(shu)通道建(jian)(jian)設(she)，不(bu)斷提(ti)升數(shu)(shu)據(ju)傳(chuan)輸(shu)能力。深入落實數(shu)(shu)字(zi)鄉村(cun)(cun)行動計劃(hua)，加快農村(cun)(cun)地(di)區(qu)(qu)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)金(jin)融體(ti)系建(jian)(jian)設(she)，進(jin)一(yi)(yi)步(bu)完(wan)善(shan)(shan)農村(cun)(cun)地(di)區(qu)(qu)數(shu)(shu)字(zi)基(ji)礎設(she)施(shi)，開展征(zheng)信體(ti)系、涉(she)農大數(shu)(shu)據(ju)、農業技術(shu)服務(wu)與培訓，做好“線上+線下”業務(wu)。中(zhong)西部地(di)區(qu)(qu)可考(kao)慮建(jian)(jian)設(she)超(chao)大數(shu)(shu)據(ju)處理中(zhong)心(xin)，通過“東(dong)數(shu)(shu)西算”降低(di)東(dong)部地(di)區(qu)(qu)數(shu)(shu)據(ju)處理成(cheng)本(ben)，實現東(dong)中(zhong)西部數(shu)(shu)字(zi)基(ji)礎設(she)施(shi)協同發展。
二是提升數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)化監管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)能(neng)力，防范化解金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)。數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)疊加了數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)與(yu)(yu)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)，前者(zhe)涉及(ji)(ji)網絡安全風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)、數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)技術應用(yong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)、信息基(ji)礎設施風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)和(he)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)等(deng)，后者(zhe)涉及(ji)(ji)信用(yong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)、市場風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)與(yu)(yu)流(liu)動性(xing)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)等(deng)。數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)涉及(ji)(ji)復雜的(de)(de)(de)信息結構、相互關(guan)聯的(de)(de)(de)信息系統、海量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據，大大增加了風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)監測的(de)(de)(de)難度。同時，數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)產品迭代速度快，隨(sui)之帶(dai)來的(de)(de)(de)不同階段(duan)的(de)(de)(de)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)形態也會(hui)發(fa)(fa)生迅速變化，進(jin)而加大風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)識別難度。為此，必須切實(shi)提高金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)監管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)有(you)效性(xing)，依法將(jiang)所(suo)有(you)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)活(huo)動全部納入監管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，全面強化機構監管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、行為監管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、功(gong)能(neng)監管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、穿(chuan)透式監管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、持續監管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，消除(chu)監管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)空(kong)白(bai)和(he)盲區，堅決(jue)懲治違法犯罪和(he)腐敗行為，嚴(yan)防道德風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)。深(shen)入推進(jin)和(he)有(you)序(xu)協調數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)發(fa)(fa)展創新(xin)試(shi)點(dian)、數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)監管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)工具試(shi)點(dian)和(he)服務示范區、金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)業務與(yu)(yu)科技服務風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)隔離機制(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)工作，有(you)效釋(shi)放金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)改革動力。強化系統性(xing)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)監測，建立(li)健全數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)金(jin)(jin)(jin)融(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)監測與(yu)(yu)評估機制(zhi)(zhi)，實(shi)現(xian)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)早(zao)發(fa)(fa)現(xian)、早(zao)識別、早(zao)預警、早(zao)暴露、早(zao)處置，牢牢守住不發(fa)(fa)生系統性(xing)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)(de)(de)底線。
三是加強數字技(ji)術(shu)原始創(chuang)新(xin)，提(ti)高(gao)平臺企(qi)業國際競爭力(li)(li)。大力(li)(li)提(ti)升(sheng)數字技(ji)術(shu)自主(zhu)創(chuang)新(xin)能力(li)(li)，盡快(kuai)突(tu)(tu)破(po)關鍵核(he)心(xin)技(ji)術(shu)。充(chong)分發(fa)揮新(xin)型舉國體(ti)制優(you)勢、超大規模市場(chang)(chang)優(you)勢，以深化(hua)供(gong)(gong)給側結(jie)構(gou)性(xing)改革(ge)為主(zhu)線，深化(hua)科技(ji)體(ti)制改革(ge)，激發(fa)自主(zhu)創(chuang)新(xin)動力(li)(li)和(he)(he)活力(li)(li)，實施(shi)多(duo)領域(yu)、多(duo)部門、多(duo)形式聯合攻關，打好關鍵核(he)心(xin)數字技(ji)術(shu)攻堅(jian)戰。加大在(zai)數字孿生、人工智能、量子計算等領域(yu)的科技(ji)研發(fa)力(li)(li)度，著力(li)(li)實現前(qian)瞻(zhan)性(xing)基礎研究、引領性(xing)和(he)(he)顛覆性(xing)原創(chuang)成果的重大突(tu)(tu)破(po)，搶占(zhan)未(wei)來數字金(jin)融發(fa)展的技(ji)術(shu)先機和(he)(he)主(zhu)動權。進(jin)一(yi)步優(you)化(hua)融資結(jie)構(gou)，更好發(fa)揮資本市場(chang)(chang)樞紐功能，推動股票(piao)發(fa)行(xing)注(zhu)冊(ce)制走深走實，發(fa)展多(duo)元(yuan)化(hua)股權融資，培(pei)育一(yi)流投資銀行(xing)和(he)(he)投資機構(gou)，為科技(ji)創(chuang)新(xin)提(ti)供(gong)(gong)金(jin)融支持。
四是積(ji)極參與(yu)(yu)全球(qiu)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)規(gui)則(ze)制(zhi)定(ding)，完善全球(qiu)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)治理(li)體(ti)系(xi)。充分發揮自貿(mao)試驗區先行先試的(de)(de)作(zuo)用(yong)，支(zhi)持自貿(mao)試驗區率先對標國(guo)際(ji)高水平數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)經(jing)貿(mao)規(gui)則(ze)，加(jia)快推(tui)進加(jia)入(ru)《數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)經(jing)濟(ji)伙伴關系(xi)協(xie)定(ding)》（DEPA）和(he)(he)《全面與(yu)(yu)進步跨太平洋伙伴關系(xi)協(xie)定(ding)》（CPTPP），建立(li)與(yu)(yu)國(guo)際(ji)高標準數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)經(jing)濟(ji)規(gui)則(ze)銜接(jie)適應的(de)(de)規(gui)則(ze)體(ti)系(xi)、管(guan)理(li)標準等制(zhi)度(du)體(ti)系(xi)，提升(sheng)在數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)經(jing)濟(ji)國(guo)際(ji)規(gui)則(ze)競爭中的(de)(de)話語權和(he)(he)規(gui)則(ze)制(zhi)定(ding)權。加(jia)強(qiang)知識產權保(bao)(bao)護、數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)隱私保(bao)(bao)護、數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)跨境(jing)流動和(he)(he)數(shu)(shu)(shu)據(ju)存儲(chu)等重(zhong)點領(ling)(ling)域規(gui)則(ze)探索，積(ji)極就人工智能發展(zhan)原則(ze)、數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)倫理(li)、數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)貿(mao)易(yi)與(yu)(yu)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)關稅規(gui)則(ze)等問題與(yu)(yu)世界各(ge)國(guo)開展(zhan)深度(du)合作(zuo)，探索各(ge)方易(yi)于(yu)接(jie)受的(de)(de)共(gong)同規(gui)則(ze)。在競爭監管(guan)等領(ling)(ling)域加(jia)強(qiang)各(ge)國(guo)的(de)(de)政策溝(gou)通協(xie)作(zuo)，促進各(ge)國(guo)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)監管(guan)政策的(de)(de)兼(jian)容性和(he)(he)一致性。著力推(tui)進金融(rong)高水平開放，穩步擴大(da)金融(rong)領(ling)(ling)域制(zhi)度(du)型開放，確保(bao)(bao)國(guo)家金融(rong)和(he)(he)經(jing)濟(ji)安全。加(jia)強(qiang)國(guo)際(ji)交流合作(zuo)，前瞻考(kao)慮面向全球(qiu)的(de)(de)規(gui)則(ze)、技術、標準、認證(zheng)和(he)(he)平臺搭建，推(tui)動建立(li)穩定(ding)、平等、均衡、包容的(de)(de)全球(qiu)數(shu)(shu)(shu)字(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)治理(li)體(ti)系(xi)。
（作者：張曉晶 中國社會科學院金(jin)融(rong)研究所(suo)所(suo)長、國家金(jin)融(rong)與發展實驗室(shi)主任(ren)）
原標題：做好數字金融大文章 加快建設金融強國
光明網-《光明日報》
責任編輯：王蕾
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