實現經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)持(chi)續健康發展，不(bu)僅要(yao)(yao)有(you)正(zheng)確(que)思(si)想和(he)政(zheng)策，而且要(yao)(yao)有(you)正(zheng)確(que)工(gong)作(zuo)策略(lve)和(he)方(fang)法。穩(wen)(wen)中(zhong)(zhong)求進工(gong)作(zuo)總基調(diao)是治國理(li)政(zheng)的(de)重要(yao)(yao)原則，也是做好經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)方(fang)法論。黨的(de)十八大以(yi)來，歷次中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)工(gong)作(zuo)會議(yi)堅持(chi)穩(wen)(wen)中(zhong)(zhong)求進工(gong)作(zuo)總基調(diao)，并針對經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)新情況作(zuo)出完善。去年底召開的(de)中(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)工(gong)作(zuo)會議(yi)強調(diao)，要(yao)(yao)堅持(chi)穩(wen)(wen)中(zhong)(zhong)求進、以(yi)進促(cu)穩(wen)(wen)、先立(li)后破。這(zhe)體現了對“穩(wen)(wen)”和(he)“進”、“立(li)”和(he)“破”辯證(zheng)關系(xi)的(de)深刻(ke)把握，為做好2024年經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)工(gong)作(zuo)提供了科學(xue)遵(zun)循。
做好經濟工作的重要要求
堅持穩中求進、以進促穩、先立后(hou)破，是做(zuo)好當前經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)工(gong)作的(de)重要(yao)要(yao)求。鞏固和增(zeng)強經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)回升向好態勢，要(yao)把握好經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)工(gong)作總基調，切實增(zeng)強經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)發展動(dong)力、防范化解風險、改善社(she)會預(yu)期，持續推動(dong)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)(ji)實現(xian)質的(de)有效(xiao)提(ti)升和量的(de)合(he)理增(zeng)長。
實現(xian)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)平穩(wen)健(jian)康發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)的(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)路(lu)徑。我國經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)正處于新(xin)(xin)(xin)舊動(dong)(dong)(dong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)轉(zhuan)換(huan)和(he)產業(ye)(ye)結(jie)構(gou)升級的(de)(de)關鍵時期，新(xin)(xin)(xin)技(ji)術、新(xin)(xin)(xin)業(ye)(ye)態、新(xin)(xin)(xin)模式層出不(bu)窮，新(xin)(xin)(xin)動(dong)(dong)(dong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)不(bu)斷(duan)積(ji)蓄，新(xin)(xin)(xin)產業(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)壯(zhuang)大(da)(da)，是一個爬坡的(de)(de)過程。在(zai)(zai)(zai)這一過程中(zhong)，各(ge)地要(yao)(yao)結(jie)合要(yao)(yao)素(su)稟賦(fu)結(jie)構(gou)、比較優勢特(te)征和(he)產業(ye)(ye)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)基(ji)礎，充分考(kao)慮新(xin)(xin)(xin)舊動(dong)(dong)(dong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)轉(zhuan)換(huan)的(de)(de)速度和(he)節奏，既(ji)要(yao)(yao)防止舊動(dong)(dong)(dong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)退(tui)出過慢、擠占新(xin)(xin)(xin)動(dong)(dong)(dong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)空(kong)間而導致經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)進程緩(huan)慢，又要(yao)(yao)防止舊動(dong)(dong)(dong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)退(tui)出過快、新(xin)(xin)(xin)動(dong)(dong)(dong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)不(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)及時接(jie)續(xu)而造成(cheng)負面影響(xiang)。要(yao)(yao)堅持穩(wen)中(zhong)求(qiu)進、以進促穩(wen)、先(xian)立(li)后破，統籌協調、有(you)序推(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)新(xin)(xin)(xin)動(dong)(dong)(dong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)和(he)落后產能(neng)(neng)(neng)退(tui)出，在(zai)(zai)(zai)高新(xin)(xin)(xin)技(ji)術產業(ye)(ye)、戰略性新(xin)(xin)(xin)興(xing)產業(ye)(ye)等(deng)(deng)新(xin)(xin)(xin)動(dong)(dong)(dong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)全(quan)面壯(zhuang)大(da)(da)之前，資源型(xing)產業(ye)(ye)等(deng)(deng)傳(chuan)統動(dong)(dong)(dong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)不(bu)能(neng)(neng)(neng)過快退(tui)出。實現(xian)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)增長(chang)由要(yao)(yao)素(su)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)向創(chuang)新(xin)(xin)(xin)驅動(dong)(dong)(dong)轉(zhuan)變，持續(xu)擴大(da)(da)釋放內需新(xin)(xin)(xin)潛(qian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)，推(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)社會(hui)發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)綠色低碳轉(zhuan)型(xing)，必須堅持穩(wen)中(zhong)求(qiu)進、以進促穩(wen)、先(xian)立(li)后破，在(zai)(zai)(zai)經(jing)濟(ji)(ji)平穩(wen)運行中(zhong)實現(xian)高質量發(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。
有效防范化(hua)解(jie)(jie)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)領域風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的必然選擇。當(dang)前(qian)，房地(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、地(di)方(fang)債務、中(zhong)小(xiao)金(jin)融(rong)機構(gou)等(deng)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)領域風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)相互關聯，成為影響我國經濟金(jin)融(rong)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)定運行的重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)源。統(tong)(tong)籌化(hua)解(jie)(jie)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)要(yao)堅持穩(wen)(wen)(wen)中(zhong)求進(jin)(jin)、以(yi)進(jin)(jin)促穩(wen)(wen)(wen)、先立后破，以(yi)房地(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)市場(chang)的“穩(wen)(wen)(wen)”來(lai)支(zhi)撐和(he)推(tui)動房地(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、地(di)方(fang)債務和(he)中(zhong)小(xiao)金(jin)融(rong)機構(gou)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)解(jie)(jie)的“進(jin)(jin)”，以(yi)建立房地(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)發展新模式(shi)的“進(jin)(jin)”來(lai)促進(jin)(jin)房地(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)市場(chang)的“穩(wen)(wen)(wen)”。化(hua)解(jie)(jie)地(di)方(fang)債務風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，要(yao)在(zai)“穩(wen)(wen)(wen)”的前(qian)提下，加快推(tui)進(jin)(jin)重(zhong)(zhong)點(dian)地(di)區風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)出清和(he)中(zhong)高風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)平臺處置，牢牢守住不發生系(xi)統(tong)(tong)性風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的底線。處置中(zhong)小(xiao)金(jin)融(rong)機構(gou)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，要(yao)盡快建立健全市場(chang)化(hua)、法治化(hua)、規范化(hua)的全流程干(gan)預(yu)處置機制，在(zai)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)定大(da)局的前(qian)提下扎實穩(wen)(wen)(wen)妥化(hua)解(jie)(jie)風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，避免風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)集中(zhong)暴露和(he)交叉感染(ran)、引發更(geng)大(da)范圍(wei)的系(xi)統(tong)(tong)性風(feng)(feng)(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。
穩(wen)定社(she)會預(yu)(yu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)現(xian)實(shi)要(yao)求。眼下，我(wo)(wo)國社(she)會預(yu)(yu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)依(yi)然偏(pian)(pian)弱，企(qi)業存在(zai)不(bu)愿(yuan)(yuan)投、不(bu)敢投現(xian)象，居民(min)(min)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)意愿(yuan)(yuan)不(bu)夠強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)，成(cheng)(cheng)為(wei)制約(yue)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)回升(sheng)(sheng)向好的(de)(de)關鍵問(wen)題。預(yu)(yu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)形成(cheng)(cheng)是(shi)經(jing)(jing)營主(zhu)體接受(shou)外部(bu)信(xin)(xin)息不(bu)斷(duan)調整先驗(yan)判斷(duan)的(de)(de)學(xue)習(xi)過程(cheng)(cheng)，也是(shi)自(zi)我(wo)(wo)實(shi)現(xian)的(de)(de)正反(fan)饋過程(cheng)(cheng)。為(wei)改善市(shi)場(chang)預(yu)(yu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、提(ti)振市(shi)場(chang)信(xin)(xin)心(xin)，就需要(yao)堅持穩(wen)中求進、以進促(cu)穩(wen)、先立后破(po)，以重(zhong)大(da)改革和(he)高水平(ping)對(dui)外開放的(de)(de)“進”來穩(wen)增長(chang)、促(cu)發展，增強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)各方對(dui)我(wo)(wo)國經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)回升(sheng)(sheng)向好、長(chang)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)向好趨勢的(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)心(xin)和(he)底氣(qi)，激(ji)發民(min)(min)營企(qi)業內(nei)生(sheng)動(dong)力(li)和(he)創新活(huo)力(li)，增強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)外資(zi)企(qi)業在(zai)華(hua)發展信(xin)(xin)心(xin)，提(ti)升(sheng)(sheng)居民(min)(min)能消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)、愿(yuan)(yuan)消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)、敢消(xiao)(xiao)費(fei)的(de)(de)信(xin)(xin)心(xin)和(he)能力(li)，從根本上扭轉社(she)會預(yu)(yu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)偏(pian)(pian)弱的(de)(de)局面，形成(cheng)(cheng)“社(she)會預(yu)(yu)期(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)改善—經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)回升(sheng)(sheng)向好—信(xin)(xin)心(xin)動(dong)力(li)增強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)”的(de)(de)良(liang)性循環，鞏固和(he)增強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)回升(sheng)(sheng)向好態勢。
把握辯證關系是關鍵所在
我們(men)的(de)(de)事(shi)業(ye)越是向縱深發展，就越要(yao)不斷增(zeng)強辯(bian)證思維能力。把握好“穩”和(he)“進”、“立”和(he)“破”的(de)(de)辯(bian)證關系(xi)，是當前做好經濟工作的(de)(de)關鍵所在。
把(ba)握好“穩(wen)(wen)”和“進(jin)(jin)”的(de)(de)(de)辯(bian)證(zheng)關(guan)系，以(yi)“穩(wen)(wen)”為(wei)基(ji)礎(chu)推(tui)動(dong)(dong)“進(jin)(jin)”，以(yi)“進(jin)(jin)”為(wei)動(dong)(dong)力實現“穩(wen)(wen)”。習(xi)近平總(zong)書記在(zai)(zai)2016年中央經(jing)濟(ji)工作會(hui)議上(shang)指出，穩(wen)(wen)是(shi)(shi)主(zhu)基(ji)調(diao)，穩(wen)(wen)是(shi)(shi)大(da)局(ju)，在(zai)(zai)穩(wen)(wen)的(de)(de)(de)前(qian)提(ti)下要在(zai)(zai)關(guan)鍵(jian)(jian)領(ling)域有所進(jin)(jin)取(qu)，在(zai)(zai)把(ba)握好度的(de)(de)(de)前(qian)提(ti)下奮發有為(wei)。這闡(chan)明了“穩(wen)(wen)”和“進(jin)(jin)”的(de)(de)(de)辯(bian)證(zheng)關(guan)系。穩(wen)(wen)是(shi)(shi)大(da)局(ju)和基(ji)礎(chu)、進(jin)(jin)是(shi)(shi)方向(xiang)和動(dong)(dong)力。只有把(ba)握“穩(wen)(wen)”的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵(jian)(jian)點(dian)，找準“進(jin)(jin)”的(de)(de)(de)切入口，處理(li)好“穩(wen)(wen)”和“進(jin)(jin)”的(de)(de)(de)辯(bian)證(zheng)關(guan)系，著力夯實“穩(wen)(wen)”的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎(chu)、持(chi)續增(zeng)強(qiang)“進(jin)(jin)”的(de)(de)(de)動(dong)(dong)能，才(cai)能推(tui)動(dong)(dong)經(jing)濟(ji)實現質(zhi)的(de)(de)(de)有效(xiao)(xiao)提(ti)升(sheng)和量的(de)(de)(de)合(he)理(li)增(zeng)長。當前(qian)我國經(jing)濟(ji)回(hui)升(sheng)向(xiang)好仍(reng)然是(shi)(shi)恢復性的(de)(de)(de)，進(jin)(jin)一(yi)步推(tui)動(dong)(dong)經(jing)濟(ji)回(hui)升(sheng)向(xiang)好需要克(ke)服一(yi)些困難(nan)和挑戰，要處理(li)好“穩(wen)(wen)”和“進(jin)(jin)”的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)系，在(zai)(zai)保持(chi)經(jing)濟(ji)社(she)會(hui)大(da)局(ju)穩(wen)(wen)定的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)謀(mou)求“進(jin)(jin)”，穩(wen)(wen)住宏觀經(jing)濟(ji)大(da)局(ju)，穩(wen)(wen)住產業鏈(lian)供應鏈(lian)完整性，穩(wen)(wen)住能源等初級(ji)產品供給(gei)，在(zai)(zai)經(jing)濟(ji)回(hui)升(sheng)向(xiang)好、社(she)會(hui)穩(wen)(wen)定發展的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)，為(wei)“進(jin)(jin)”創造(zao)良好環境。與此同時，在(zai)(zai)轉方式、調(diao)結構(gou)、提(ti)質(zhi)量、增(zeng)效(xiao)(xiao)益上(shang)積極(ji)進(jin)(jin)取(qu)，通過優化(hua)經(jing)濟(ji)結構(gou)、提(ti)升(sheng)發展質(zhi)量、推(tui)進(jin)(jin)重大(da)改革(ge)等方面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)“進(jin)(jin)”，不斷推(tui)動(dong)(dong)經(jing)濟(ji)持(chi)續健康發展。
把(ba)握好(hao)(hao)“立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”和(he)“破(po)”的(de)(de)(de)先(xian)(xian)(xian)后(hou)順序(xu)，該“立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”的(de)(de)(de)要(yao)積極主(zhu)動(dong)地“立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”起來，在(zai)“立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)(shang)堅決地“破(po)”。“立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”和(he)“破(po)”是(shi)辯證(zheng)統一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)，在(zai)“破(po)”與“立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”中(zhong)前(qian)進是(shi)事物(wu)發(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)本規律，但在(zai)邏輯(ji)順序(xu)上(shang)(shang)有“先(xian)(xian)(xian)破(po)后(hou)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”和(he)“先(xian)(xian)(xian)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)后(hou)破(po)”兩種工作方法(fa)。強調(diao)(diao)“先(xian)(xian)(xian)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)后(hou)破(po)”，該“立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”的(de)(de)(de)積極主(zhu)動(dong)“立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”起來、該“破(po)”的(de)(de)(de)在(zai)“立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”的(de)(de)(de)基(ji)(ji)礎(chu)上(shang)(shang)堅決“破(po)”，可以更好(hao)(hao)兼(jian)顧當(dang)(dang)前(qian)和(he)長遠，確保經(jing)濟社會發(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)連續性(xing)和(he)穩(wen)定性(xing)。“立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)”字(zi)當(dang)(dang)頭、“先(xian)(xian)(xian)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)后(hou)破(po)”，也是(shi)更好(hao)(hao)實現“穩(wen)”和(he)“進”的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)方法(fa)，這對仍處于(yu)(yu)經(jing)濟恢(hui)復關鍵階段的(de)(de)(de)我國而言，尤為(wei)重(zhong)要(yao)。舊動(dong)能退出必須(xu)建立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)在(zai)新動(dong)能成(cheng)長壯(zhuang)大之后(hou)。無論(lun)是(shi)化解風險(xian)、調(diao)(diao)整政策還是(shi)推動(dong)改(gai)革開放(fang)，都要(yao)把(ba)握好(hao)(hao)時度效，堅持先(xian)(xian)(xian)立(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)后(hou)破(po)，不能脫離實際、急(ji)于(yu)(yu)求成(cheng)，影響社會預(yu)期。
明確需推動的重點工作
在(zai)深化(hua)新(xin)時(shi)代做(zuo)好經(jing)濟工作(zuo)規律性認(ren)識的基礎上(shang)，我們要找準工作(zuo)重點，繼續夯實(shi)(shi)“穩”的基礎、更多激發(fa)“進”的動能(neng)，先立后破，切實(shi)(shi)增強經(jing)濟活力、防范(fan)化(hua)解風險、改(gai)善(shan)社會預(yu)期，推動經(jing)濟回(hui)升向好。
一(yi)(yi)是加(jia)(jia)大(da)宏(hong)觀(guan)調(diao)(diao)控(kong)力(li)度。強(qiang)(qiang)化宏(hong)觀(guan)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)逆(ni)周(zhou)期(qi)和(he)跨周(zhou)期(qi)調(diao)(diao)節(jie)，多(duo)出有(you)利于(yu)穩(wen)預期(qi)、穩(wen)增(zeng)長(chang)、穩(wen)就業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)，謹(jin)慎出臺收縮性(xing)、抑制(zhi)(zhi)性(xing)舉措，發(fa)(fa)揮好(hao)宏(hong)觀(guan)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)空間大(da)的(de)(de)(de)優(you)勢，營造(zao)寬松適(shi)(shi)度的(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)環境。積(ji)極的(de)(de)(de)財政(zheng)(zheng)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)要適(shi)(shi)度加(jia)(jia)力(li)、提質(zhi)增(zeng)效，用好(hao)增(zeng)發(fa)(fa)國債(zhai)、地方政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)專項債(zhai)等政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)工具，加(jia)(jia)大(da)財政(zheng)(zheng)資金統籌力(li)度，適(shi)(shi)度增(zeng)加(jia)(jia)財政(zheng)(zheng)支出規模，更好(hao)發(fa)(fa)揮拉動內(nei)需、促進經(jing)濟循環的(de)(de)(de)作用；落實結構性(xing)減稅降(jiang)費政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)，增(zeng)強(qiang)(qiang)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)精準性(xing)和(he)針對(dui)性(xing)，加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)對(dui)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)創(chuang)新和(he)制(zhi)(zhi)造(zao)業(ye)發(fa)(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)支持(chi)。穩(wen)健的(de)(de)(de)貨幣(bi)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)要靈(ling)活(huo)適(shi)(shi)度、精準有(you)效，保(bao)(bao)持(chi)流(liu)動性(xing)合(he)理充裕，引導金融機構加(jia)(jia)大(da)對(dui)科(ke)技(ji)(ji)創(chuang)新、綠色轉(zhuan)型、數字經(jing)濟等方面的(de)(de)(de)支持(chi)力(li)度。要增(zeng)強(qiang)(qiang)宏(hong)觀(guan)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)取向(xiang)一(yi)(yi)致性(xing)，加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)財政(zheng)(zheng)、貨幣(bi)、就業(ye)、產業(ye)、區域、科(ke)技(ji)(ji)、環保(bao)(bao)等政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)協調(diao)(diao)配合(he)，把(ba)非經(jing)濟性(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)納入宏(hong)觀(guan)政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)取向(xiang)一(yi)(yi)致性(xing)評估，強(qiang)(qiang)化政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)(ce)統籌協調(diao)(diao)，確保(bao)(bao)協同發(fa)(fa)力(li)、增(zeng)強(qiang)(qiang)合(he)力(li)，避免(mian)出現合(he)成謬誤(wu)、分解謬誤(wu)。
二是推動新(xin)舊動能有(you)序轉換(huan)(huan)。要將科技(ji)(ji)創(chuang)新(xin)和產(chan)(chan)業高(gao)(gao)質(zhi)量發(fa)展(zhan)作為(wei)新(xin)舊動能轉換(huan)(huan)的主戰場。一(yi)(yi)方面，大力(li)推進高(gao)(gao)水(shui)平科技(ji)(ji)自立自強，健全(quan)(quan)新(xin)型(xing)舉國(guo)體制，加快(kuai)(kuai)新(xin)能源、人工智能、生物制造、綠(lv)色(se)低碳、量子(zi)計算等前沿技(ji)(ji)術研發(fa)和應(ying)用推廣(guang)，開辟發(fa)展(zhan)新(xin)領域新(xin)賽道。以科技(ji)(ji)創(chuang)新(xin)推動產(chan)(chan)業創(chuang)新(xin)，打造一(yi)(yi)批具(ju)有(you)國(guo)際競爭(zheng)力(li)的戰略性(xing)新(xin)興(xing)產(chan)(chan)業集群(qun)，加快(kuai)(kuai)發(fa)展(zhan)數字經濟，布(bu)局一(yi)(yi)批未來產(chan)(chan)業，大力(li)發(fa)展(zhan)新(xin)質(zhi)生產(chan)(chan)力(li)，培(pei)育(yu)壯大新(xin)動能。另一(yi)(yi)方面，廣(guang)泛應(ying)用數智技(ji)(ji)術、綠(lv)色(se)技(ji)(ji)術，加快(kuai)(kuai)傳統產(chan)(chan)業轉型(xing)升級(ji)，逐步淘汰落后(hou)產(chan)(chan)能。同時，要做好安全(quan)(quan)發(fa)展(zhan)這篇大文章，實施制造業重點產(chan)(chan)業鏈(lian)高(gao)(gao)質(zhi)量發(fa)展(zhan)行動，提升產(chan)(chan)業鏈(lian)供應(ying)鏈(lian)韌性(xing)和安全(quan)(quan)水(shui)平。
三是推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)消(xiao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)與投資(zi)良(liang)性循環。深入實(shi)施擴(kuo)大(da)內(nei)需戰略，激發(fa)有潛能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)消(xiao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)，擴(kuo)大(da)有效(xiao)益的(de)(de)(de)投資(zi)，形成消(xiao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)和(he)投資(zi)相互(hu)促(cu)進的(de)(de)(de)良(liang)性循環，發(fa)揮好超大(da)規(gui)模市場(chang)和(he)強大(da)生產(chan)能(neng)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)優(you)勢(shi)，使國(guo)(guo)內(nei)大(da)循環建(jian)立在內(nei)需主動(dong)(dong)(dong)力(li)的(de)(de)(de)基礎上。適應消(xiao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)升級(ji)趨勢(shi)，培育壯(zhuang)大(da)新(xin)型消(xiao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)，積極培育智能(neng)家居、文娛旅游、體(ti)育賽(sai)事、國(guo)(guo)貨“潮品”等新(xin)的(de)(de)(de)消(xiao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)增長點，提振新(xin)能(neng)源汽車(che)、電(dian)子(zi)產(chan)品、家電(dian)等大(da)宗消(xiao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)，推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)消(xiao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)從疫(yi)后(hou)恢(hui)復轉向(xiang)持續(xu)擴(kuo)大(da)。以消(xiao)費(fei)(fei)(fei)擴(kuo)大(da)方向(xiang)確定投資(zi)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)點領域(yu)，發(fa)揮好政府投資(zi)的(de)(de)(de)帶動(dong)(dong)(dong)放大(da)效(xiao)應，優(you)化(hua)投資(zi)結構和(he)擴(kuo)大(da)投資(zi)空(kong)間(jian)。同(tong)時，充分發(fa)揮各地(di)(di)區(qu)比較(jiao)優(you)勢(shi)，優(you)化(hua)重(zhong)大(da)生產(chan)力(li)布局，加強國(guo)(guo)家戰略腹(fu)地(di)(di)建(jian)設，推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)以縣城為重(zhong)要(yao)載體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)新(xin)型城鎮化(hua)建(jian)設，在推(tui)(tui)動(dong)(dong)(dong)城鄉區(qu)域(yu)協調發(fa)展(zhan)中挖掘(jue)內(nei)需潛能(neng)。
四是積極主(zhu)動(dong)防(fang)范化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)解(jie)重點(dian)領域風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。堅持(chi)系(xi)統(tong)觀念，統(tong)籌(chou)(chou)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)解(jie)房(fang)地(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)、地(di)方債(zhai)務(wu)和中小(xiao)金融(rong)(rong)機構等風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，堅決守住不(bu)發(fa)生系(xi)統(tong)性(xing)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)底線。要(yao)(yao)穩(wen)定(ding)房(fang)地(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)市場，完善(shan)(shan)房(fang)地(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)金融(rong)(rong)宏觀審(shen)慎管理，一視同仁(ren)滿(man)足(zu)不(bu)同所有(you)制(zhi)(zhi)房(fang)地(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)企(qi)業合理融(rong)(rong)資(zi)需求(qiu)，因(yin)城施策支持(chi)剛(gang)性(xing)和改善(shan)(shan)性(xing)住房(fang)需求(qiu)，穩(wen)妥(tuo)處置(zhi)房(fang)企(qi)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，實施好“三大工程”建(jian)設，構建(jian)房(fang)地(di)產(chan)(chan)(chan)發(fa)展(zhan)新(xin)模式(shi)，建(jian)立“人、房(fang)、地(di)、錢(qian)”要(yao)(yao)素聯動(dong)的(de)新(xin)機制(zhi)(zhi)。加大存量隱性(xing)債(zhai)務(wu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)解(jie)力度，堅決防(fang)止新(xin)增隱性(xing)債(zhai)務(wu)，健全(quan)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)債(zhai)長效機制(zhi)(zhi)，有(you)效防(fang)范化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)解(jie)地(di)方債(zhai)務(wu)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。完善(shan)(shan)金融(rong)(rong)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)防(fang)范、預警和處置(zhi)機制(zhi)(zhi)，加快金融(rong)(rong)穩(wen)定(ding)保障基金建(jian)設，有(you)序推進中小(xiao)金融(rong)(rong)機構改革化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。統(tong)籌(chou)(chou)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)解(jie)與穩(wen)定(ding)發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)關系(xi)，債(zhai)務(wu)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)高的(de)地(di)區要(yao)(yao)邊化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)債(zhai)邊發(fa)展(zhan)，在(zai)債(zhai)務(wu)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)(hua)解(jie)過程中找到新(xin)的(de)發(fa)展(zhan)路徑；債(zhai)務(wu)風(feng)(feng)險(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)較低的(de)地(di)區要(yao)(yao)在(zai)高質量發(fa)展(zhan)上能快則快，特(te)別(bie)是經濟(ji)大省要(yao)(yao)真正挑起大梁，為穩(wen)定(ding)全(quan)國經濟(ji)作出(chu)更大貢(gong)獻。
五是統籌推進深(shen)層次改(gai)(gai)革和(he)高水(shui)(shui)平(ping)開(kai)放(fang)。要(yao)以更大(da)(da)(da)的決(jue)心和(he)力度(du)推進市場化(hua)(hua)改(gai)(gai)革、擴(kuo)大(da)(da)(da)高水(shui)(shui)平(ping)開(kai)放(fang)，提(ti)振社會(hui)信(xin)心、強化(hua)(hua)社會(hui)預(yu)期。聚(ju)焦落實“兩(liang)個毫(hao)不動(dong)搖(yao)”、要(yao)素市場化(hua)(hua)配置(zhi)和(he)財(cai)稅金融體制等重(zhong)點領域(yu)，包(bao)括深(shen)化(hua)(hua)國資國企(qi)改(gai)(gai)革、促(cu)進民營經濟發(fa)展壯大(da)(da)(da)、構(gou)建全國統一大(da)(da)(da)市場等，謀劃全面(mian)深(shen)化(hua)(hua)改(gai)(gai)革重(zhong)大(da)(da)(da)舉措，為推動(dong)高質(zhi)量(liang)發(fa)展、中國式現(xian)代化(hua)(hua)建設注入穩定預(yu)期和(he)強大(da)(da)(da)動(dong)力。對(dui)標國際高標準經貿(mao)規(gui)則，穩步擴(kuo)大(da)(da)(da)規(gui)則、規(gui)制、管理、標準等制度(du)型開(kai)放(fang)，持續營造市場化(hua)(hua)、法治化(hua)(hua)、國際化(hua)(hua)一流營商環(huan)境，提(ti)升貿(mao)易投資合作質(zhi)量(liang)和(he)水(shui)(shui)平(ping)，加快培育外貿(mao)新動(dong)能，穩住外貿(mao)外資基本盤。
（作者郭春(chun)麗(li) 系中(zhong)國宏(hong)觀經(jing)濟(ji)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)院經(jing)濟(ji)研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)所(suo)所(suo)長、研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)員(yuan)）
原標題：科學把握穩中求進、以進促穩、先立后破
責任編輯：代曉靈、劉圓圓
頁面編輯：蘇偉