建(jian)設(she)美麗(li)中(zhong)國是(shi)全(quan)面建(jian)設(she)社會(hui)主義現(xian)代(dai)化國家的(de)重要目標。今年1月發(fa)布的(de)《中(zhong)共中(zhong)央國務院關于(yu)全(quan)面推(tui)(tui)進美麗(li)中(zhong)國建(jian)設(she)的(de)意(yi)見》指出，全(quan)面推(tui)(tui)進美麗(li)中(zhong)國建(jian)設(she)，必須(xu)加快發(fa)展方式綠(lv)色轉(zhuan)型(xing)(xing)，強調“嚴格管控城(cheng)鎮開發(fa)邊界，推(tui)(tui)動城(cheng)鎮空(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)內(nei)涵(han)式集(ji)約化綠(lv)色發(fa)展”。新型(xing)(xing)城(cheng)鎮化是(shi)現(xian)代(dai)化的(de)必由之路，建(jian)設(she)人與自(zi)然和(he)諧共生(sheng)的(de)現(xian)代(dai)化，必須(xu)深入(ru)貫徹習近(jin)平生(sheng)態(tai)文明思想，打好法治、市場、科技、政策“組合拳(quan)”，按(an)照“生(sheng)產(chan)空(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)集(ji)約高效、生(sheng)活空(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)宜居適度、生(sheng)態(tai)空(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)山清水秀(xiu)”發(fa)展要求，統籌生(sheng)產(chan)、生(sheng)活、生(sheng)態(tai)三大布局(ju)，推(tui)(tui)動城(cheng)鎮空(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)內(nei)涵(han)式集(ji)約化綠(lv)色發(fa)展，以高品(pin)質(zhi)生(sheng)態(tai)環境支撐高質(zhi)量發(fa)展。
強化法治保障，完善城鎮空間發展規劃
以法(fa)(fa)治保障城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)綠(lv)色發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。必須完善自然資源資產管理制(zhi)度(du)體系，健全國土(tu)空(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)用(yong)途(tu)管制(zhi)制(zhi)度(du)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)結構直(zhi)接關系新(xin)型(xing)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)化(hua)的發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)質(zhi)量，推動城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)內涵式集(ji)約化(hua)綠(lv)色發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，應(ying)把空(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)結構調整擺在重(zhong)要(yao)位置，樹(shu)立(li)“精(jing)明增長”“緊湊(cou)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市”理念(nian)，堅持集(ji)約發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，加(jia)強相關法(fa)(fa)規(gui)、標準和制(zhi)度(du)建(jian)設(she)，提(ti)高(gao)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)建(jian)設(she)用(yong)地(di)利用(yong)效率，推動城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)由外延擴張向內涵提(ti)升轉變(bian)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)邊界(jie)(jie)是集(ji)中進(jin)行城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)建(jian)設(she)、完善城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)功(gong)能、提(ti)升空(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)(jian)品質(zhi)的區域邊界(jie)(jie)，是調整經濟(ji)結構、規(gui)劃產業(ye)發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)、推進(jin)新(xin)型(xing)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)化(hua)不可逾(yu)越的紅線。必須依法(fa)(fa)嚴格落實城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)邊界(jie)(jie)的相關要(yao)求，統籌做好城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)建(jian)設(she)用(yong)地(di)安排(pai)，嚴控新(xin)增建(jian)設(she)用(yong)地(di)，嚴格規(gui)范城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)開發(fa)(fa)(fa)邊界(jie)(jie)的全周期管理，加(jia)大存(cun)量用(yong)地(di)盤活力度(du)，促進(jin)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)高(gao)質(zhi)量發(fa)(fa)(fa)展(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。
以(yi)法(fa)治保障城(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)居(ju)民(min)綠(lv)色生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)。城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)發展應把握(wo)好生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)空(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)空(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態空(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)的內在聯系(xi)(xi)(xi)，實現(xian)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)空(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)集約高效、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)空(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)宜(yi)居(ju)適度(du)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態空(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)山清水秀。人(ren)多(duo)地(di)(di)少是(shi)我(wo)國(guo)基本國(guo)情，推進(jin)新型城(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)化(hua)過(guo)程中，在使用(yong)土地(di)(di)資源(yuan)時必須(xu)統籌考慮(lv)人(ren)口資源(yuan)環境承(cheng)載能力(li)，處(chu)理(li)好城(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)和(he)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態的關(guan)系(xi)(xi)(xi)，通過(guo)加(jia)強立法(fa)優化(hua)城(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)空(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)布(bu)局，增強城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)宜(yi)居(ju)性。科學規劃(hua)城(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)建設用(yong)地(di)(di)中工業用(yong)地(di)(di)和(he)居(ju)住用(yong)地(di)(di)比例，建立空(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)規劃(hua)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)(xi)。編(bian)制空(kong)間(jian)(jian)(jian)規劃(hua)和(he)城(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)規劃(hua)應多(duo)聽(ting)取群(qun)(qun)眾意(yi)見、尊重專家意(yi)見，規劃(hua)形(xing)成后(hou)必須(xu)通過(guo)立法(fa)形(xing)式(shi)確定下來。加(jia)強《中華(hua)人(ren)民(min)共和(he)國(guo)環境保護(hu)法(fa)》《中華(hua)人(ren)民(min)共和(he)國(guo)固體(ti)廢物污染(ran)環境防治法(fa)》等法(fa)律法(fa)規的普(pu)及(ji)力(li)度(du)，引導市(shi)民(min)群(qun)(qun)眾自覺抵制污染(ran)環境、破壞生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態的行(xing)為，共創綠(lv)色生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)。
以法治(zhi)(zhi)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)生(sheng)態環境(jing)。城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)是現(xian)代化的重要載體，也(ye)是人口(kou)最(zui)(zui)密集、污染排放最(zui)(zui)集中(zhong)的地方。新型城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)化不(bu)僅追求(qiu)經濟(ji)目標(biao)，而且追求(qiu)生(sheng)態目標(biao)，強調人與(yu)自然(ran)和諧(xie)(xie)共生(sheng)。必須(xu)堅持(chi)法治(zhi)(zhi)思維，把保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)生(sheng)態環境(jing)擺在更加突出位置，統(tong)籌山水(shui)林田湖草沙一體化保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)和系統(tong)治(zhi)(zhi)理，形(xing)成(cheng)人與(yu)自然(ran)和諧(xie)(xie)共生(sheng)的城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)生(sheng)態空間。實施(shi)最(zui)(zui)嚴(yan)格的地上地下、陸海統(tong)籌、區(qu)域聯動(dong)的生(sheng)態環境(jing)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)制度(du)，推進國(guo)土空間規劃(hua)法等立法工作，在空間上對經濟(ji)社(she)會活動(dong)進行合理限定(ding)。依(yi)法控制城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)開發強度(du)，劃(hua)定(ding)水(shui)體保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)線(xian)、綠地系統(tong)線(xian)、基礎設(she)施(shi)建(jian)設(she)控制線(xian)、歷史文(wen)化保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)線(xian)、永久(jiu)基本(ben)農田和生(sheng)態保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)紅線(xian)，推動(dong)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮(zhen)緊湊(cou)發展和節約集約用(yong)地，形(xing)成(cheng)綠色低(di)碳(tan)的生(sheng)產(chan)生(sheng)活方式和城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市建(jian)設(she)運營模(mo)式。深入實施(shi)主體功能區(qu)戰略，強化執(zhi)法監(jian)管和保(bao)(bao)護(hu)(hu)修(xiu)復，確保(bao)(bao)功能不(bu)降低(di)、性質不(bu)改變。
發揮市場作用，釋放城鎮空間發展新活力
加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)建設全國(guo)統(tong)一(yi)大(da)(da)市場，促進城(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)間(jian)集約(yue)化(hua)發展(zhan)。我國(guo)正在加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)建設全國(guo)統(tong)一(yi)大(da)(da)市場，這是進一(yi)步推動(dong)城(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)高(gao)(gao)質量發展(zhan)的重(zhong)要歷(li)史機遇。加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)(kuai)建設全國(guo)統(tong)一(yi)大(da)(da)市場，可以優(you)先開(kai)展(zhan)區域(yu)市場一(yi)體化(hua)建設工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，科學(xue)規劃城(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)間(jian)布局，實(shi)現(xian)內(nei)(nei)涵集約(yue)、高(gao)(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)綠(lv)色發展(zhan)。增強中心(xin)城(cheng)市輻射(she)帶動(dong)力，加(jia)(jia)強創(chuang)新合作(zuo)(zuo)機制(zhi)建設，破除(chu)行(xing)政壁壘(lei)和(he)市場分割(ge)，破解(jie)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)發展(zhan)資(zi)源(yuan)環(huan)境約(yue)束，促進生產(chan)(chan)要素(su)自由流(liu)動(dong)和(he)優(you)化(hua)配(pei)置(zhi)，推動(dong)城(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)間(jian)產(chan)(chan)業(ye)分工(gong)、產(chan)(chan)業(ye)整合、園(yuan)區共建，通(tong)過各類要素(su)合理流(liu)動(dong)和(he)高(gao)(gao)效(xiao)(xiao)集聚，推動(dong)城(cheng)鎮(zhen)(zhen)(zhen)空(kong)間(jian)內(nei)(nei)涵式(shi)集約(yue)化(hua)發展(zhan)。
構建(jian)高水(shui)平(ping)社會(hui)主義市場(chang)經濟(ji)體(ti)制(zhi)，促進城(cheng)鎮空(kong)間綠(lv)(lv)色(se)發(fa)展。完善支(zhi)持綠(lv)(lv)色(se)發(fa)展的財稅(shui)、金(jin)融、投資(zi)(zi)(zi)、價格政(zheng)(zheng)策(ce)和(he)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境標準體(ti)系，形(xing)成市場(chang)化、可持續(xu)的投入(ru)機制(zhi)和(he)運(yun)營機制(zhi)，推進生態環(huan)(huan)(huan)境導(dao)向的城(cheng)鎮開發(fa)模式和(he)投融資(zi)(zi)(zi)模式創(chuang)新，確保(bao)生態文明建(jian)設領(ling)域(yu)財政(zheng)(zheng)投入(ru)規模同建(jian)設任務相匹配。完善政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)有力(li)主導(dao)、企(qi)業積極(ji)參(can)與、市場(chang)有效調節的體(ti)制(zhi)機制(zhi)，更(geng)好(hao)激發(fa)全(quan)(quan)社會(hui)參(can)與綠(lv)(lv)色(se)發(fa)展的積極(ji)性。健全(quan)(quan)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境要(yao)(yao)素市場(chang)化配置體(ti)系，提升包括資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)環(huan)(huan)(huan)境要(yao)(yao)素在內的綠(lv)(lv)色(se)全(quan)(quan)要(yao)(yao)素生產率，引導(dao)各(ge)類(lei)資(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)要(yao)(yao)素向綠(lv)(lv)色(se)低碳發(fa)展集聚(ju)。探(tan)索生態產品價值實(shi)現路徑，鼓勵支(zhi)持社會(hui)資(zi)(zi)(zi)本參(can)與生態保(bao)護修復，大力(li)發(fa)展綠(lv)(lv)色(se)金(jin)融，促進城(cheng)鎮經濟(ji)社會(hui)發(fa)展和(he)生態環(huan)(huan)(huan)境保(bao)護的協(xie)調統一。
促進大中(zhong)小(xiao)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和(he)小(xiao)城(cheng)(cheng)鎮協調(diao)(diao)發(fa)展(zhan)。城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)群是(shi)人(ren)(ren)口(kou)大國城(cheng)(cheng)鎮化的主要空間載體(ti)(ti)，是(shi)承載發(fa)展(zhan)要素、提高發(fa)展(zhan)質量的主要空間形式。產(chan)(chan)業和(he)人(ren)(ren)口(kou)向(xiang)優勢區域集中(zhong)是(shi)客觀經(jing)(jing)濟規律，但城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)單體(ti)(ti)規模不能(neng)無限(xian)擴張，應(ying)注重城(cheng)(cheng)鎮空間布局、產(chan)(chan)業結構調(diao)(diao)整與(yu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)環境承載能(neng)力(li)相(xiang)適(shi)應(ying)，完善以中(zhong)心城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為核(he)心、周邊中(zhong)小(xiao)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為支撐的城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)群結構，解決中(zhong)心城(cheng)(cheng)區人(ren)(ren)口(kou)和(he)功能(neng)過(guo)密問題。充分發(fa)揮(hui)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)在資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)配置中(zhong)的決定性作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，更好(hao)發(fa)揮(hui)政(zheng)府作(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，引導社會力(li)量參(can)(can)與(yu)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)建設(she)、經(jing)(jing)營、管(guan)理。充分運(yun)用(yong)(yong)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)手段補齊軟硬基礎設(she)施(shi)短板，以完善基礎設(she)施(shi)網絡為抓手，提高中(zhong)小(xiao)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)公(gong)共服務水平，增強(qiang)中(zhong)小(xiao)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)對人(ren)(ren)口(kou)轉移的吸引力(li)和(he)承載力(li)。放寬市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)準入，鼓勵社會資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)本參(can)(can)與(yu)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)公(gong)用(yong)(yong)設(she)施(shi)投資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)運(yun)營，確保各類市(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)場(chang)(chang)主體(ti)(ti)有(you)序參(can)(can)與(yu)、公(gong)平競爭，促進人(ren)(ren)口(kou)經(jing)(jing)濟資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)源(yuan)環境相(xiang)協調(diao)(diao)。
加快科技創新，激活城鎮空間發展新動能
科(ke)技(ji)創新(xin)是城(cheng)鎮空(kong)間綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)發(fa)展(zhan)的核(he)(he)心(xin)動(dong)(dong)力。城(cheng)市(shi)是經(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)展(zhan)的核(he)(he)心(xin)區域，應堅持走內涵式、集約型、綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的高(gao)(gao)質(zhi)量發(fa)展(zhan)路子，把科(ke)技(ji)創新(xin)作為(wei)調整產(chan)業結構(gou)、促進經(jing)濟(ji)社會(hui)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)低(di)碳轉(zhuan)型的動(dong)(dong)力和(he)(he)保(bao)障，大(da)(da)幅提高(gao)(gao)經(jing)濟(ji)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)化(hua)(hua)(hua)程度，推(tui)動(dong)(dong)經(jing)濟(ji)發(fa)展(zhan)實現(xian)質(zhi)的有效提升和(he)(he)量的合理增長。推(tui)進產(chan)業數(shu)字化(hua)(hua)(hua)智能化(hua)(hua)(hua)同綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)化(hua)(hua)(hua)的深度融合，以綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)產(chan)品(pin)、綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)工(gong)廠、綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)工(gong)業園區和(he)(he)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)供應鏈管理為(wei)紐(niu)帶，大(da)(da)力發(fa)展(zhan)戰略性(xing)新(xin)興產(chan)業、高(gao)(gao)技(ji)術(shu)產(chan)業、綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)環保(bao)產(chan)業、現(xian)代服務(wu)業。構(gou)建(jian)市(shi)場(chang)導(dao)向(xiang)的綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)技(ji)術(shu)創新(xin)體系，帶動(dong)(dong)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)技(ji)術(shu)推(tui)廣(guang)應用、產(chan)業鏈供應鏈協同轉(zhuan)型，推(tui)動(dong)(dong)節能環保(bao)、新(xin)能源和(he)(he)再生利用等(deng)綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)技(ji)術(shu)產(chan)業化(hua)(hua)(hua)，加(jia)快傳統產(chan)業綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)轉(zhuan)型升級，提升城(cheng)鎮產(chan)業綠(lv)(lv)(lv)(lv)色(se)(se)發(fa)展(zhan)水平。
科(ke)(ke)技(ji)創新是(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)鎮綠(lv)色生(sheng)活的重要保(bao)障。我國正處在以降碳為(wei)重點戰略方(fang)向、推動減污降碳協同(tong)(tong)增效、促進經濟社會發展全面綠(lv)色轉(zhuan)型、實現生(sheng)態環(huan)境(jing)質量改善由量變到質變的關鍵(jian)時期。必須堅持(chi)綠(lv)色循(xun)環(huan)低碳的理念，統籌城(cheng)(cheng)鎮布局(ju)的經濟需(xu)要、生(sheng)活需(xu)要、生(sheng)態需(xu)要，合(he)理規(gui)劃城(cheng)(cheng)鎮交(jiao)(jiao)通、能源、供排水(shui)、供熱、污水(shui)、垃圾處理等基(ji)礎設施。優化(hua)創新創業生(sheng)態鏈，促進基(ji)礎設施互(hu)聯(lian)互(hu)通，結合(he)環(huan)境(jing)整治(zhi)、存量土地再(zai)開發，增強城(cheng)(cheng)市內部布局(ju)的合(he)理性(xing)，使不同(tong)(tong)功能區相互(hu)交(jiao)(jiao)織、有機(ji)組(zu)合(he)，逐步實現職(zhi)住(zhu)平衡，提升(sheng)城(cheng)(cheng)鎮的通透性(xing)和微循(xun)環(huan)能力(li)。運用大數據(ju)、云計算(suan)、區塊鏈、人(ren)工智(zhi)(zhi)能等前沿技(ji)術，推進新型智(zhi)(zhi)慧城(cheng)(cheng)鎮建設，實現“科(ke)(ke)技(ji)讓生(sheng)活更美好”。
科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)新是城鎮(zhen)(zhen)生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境建設的(de)有(you)力支(zhi)撐。習近(jin)平總書記(ji)強(qiang)(qiang)調，“生(sheng)(sheng)態文明發(fa)展面(mian)臨日(ri)益嚴峻的(de)環(huan)境污(wu)染，需(xu)要依靠更(geng)多更(geng)好(hao)的(de)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)新建設天藍、地(di)綠、水清的(de)美麗中國(guo)”。當前我國(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)態環(huan)境質量穩(wen)中向好(hao)的(de)基(ji)礎還(huan)不牢(lao)固，需(xu)要加強(qiang)(qiang)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)支(zhi)撐，推進(jin)綠色(se)低(di)(di)碳(tan)(tan)科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)自立自強(qiang)(qiang)，把(ba)應對氣(qi)候變(bian)化、新污(wu)染物治理等作為國(guo)家(jia)基(ji)礎研究和科(ke)(ke)技(ji)(ji)(ji)創(chuang)新重(zhong)點領域，狠(hen)抓關鍵核(he)心技(ji)(ji)(ji)術攻關。推動(dong)城鎮(zhen)(zhen)能(neng)源清潔低(di)(di)碳(tan)(tan)安全高(gao)效利用，緊抓能(neng)源結構轉型這個降(jiang)碳(tan)(tan)的(de)“牛鼻子”，有(you)序引導(dao)以(yi)電代煤、以(yi)氣(qi)代煤，鼓勵建設超低(di)(di)能(neng)耗(hao)和近(jin)零能(neng)耗(hao)城鎮(zhen)(zhen)建筑，持續降(jiang)低(di)(di)碳(tan)(tan)排放強(qiang)(qiang)度，協同推進(jin)降(jiang)碳(tan)(tan)、減污(wu)、擴綠、增(zeng)長。
完善政策體系，推動城鎮空間發展實現升級
形(xing)成城(cheng)鎮綠色空(kong)間(jian)格局(ju)(ju)。有效發(fa)揮政策(ce)引導作用，以優化(hua)(hua)區域分工和(he)產(chan)業(ye)布局(ju)(ju)為重點、以資(zi)源要素空(kong)間(jian)統籌規(gui)劃(hua)利用為主線、以構(gou)(gou)建長效體(ti)制機制為抓手(shou)，優化(hua)(hua)城(cheng)鎮空(kong)間(jian)格局(ju)(ju)和(he)發(fa)展(zhan)格局(ju)(ju)。結(jie)合(he)(he)《中共中央國(guo)務院關于建立國(guo)土空(kong)間(jian)規(gui)劃(hua)體(ti)系并監督實施(shi)的若干(gan)意見》《主體(ti)功能區優化(hua)(hua)完善技術指南(nan)》等文(wen)件精神，統籌考慮區域空(kong)間(jian)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)，提高國(guo)土空(kong)間(jian)利用效率(lv)，結(jie)合(he)(he)化(hua)(hua)解(jie)產(chan)能過(guo)剩、環境整(zheng)治，形(xing)成符合(he)(he)當地實際(ji)、體(ti)現(xian)資(zi)源稟賦、文(wen)化(hua)(hua)特色的發(fa)展(zhan)空(kong)間(jian)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)、規(gui)模結(jie)構(gou)(gou)、產(chan)業(ye)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)。推進城(cheng)鎮產(chan)業(ye)園區循環化(hua)(hua)改造，促進工業(ye)、建筑、交通(tong)等領域綠色低碳轉型。
打(da)造城(cheng)鎮綠色(se)生(sheng)活(huo)(huo)模式(shi)。習(xi)近平總書記強(qiang)調，“努力把城(cheng)市建設(she)成為(wei)人(ren)與人(ren)、人(ren)與自然和(he)(he)諧共處的(de)美(mei)(mei)麗家園(yuan)”。推(tui)進(jin)以綠色(se)低碳(tan)(tan)、環境優美(mei)(mei)、生(sheng)態宜居(ju)、安全健康、智慧高效為(wei)導(dao)向的(de)美(mei)(mei)麗城(cheng)市建設(she)，錨(mao)定碳(tan)(tan)達峰碳(tan)(tan)中和(he)(he)目標，推(tui)動(dong)(dong)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)清潔低碳(tan)(tan)安全高效利用(yong)，發展屋(wu)頂(ding)光伏等分(fen)(fen)布式(shi)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)，因(yin)地制宜推(tui)廣熱(re)電(dian)聯產、余熱(re)供暖(nuan)、熱(re)泵(beng)等多(duo)種(zhong)清潔供暖(nuan)方(fang)式(shi)，推(tui)行合同能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)(yuan)管理等節(jie)能(neng)(neng)管理模式(shi)。推(tui)動(dong)(dong)形(xing)(xing)成倡導(dao)簡約(yue)適度、綠色(se)低碳(tan)(tan)、文(wen)明健康的(de)生(sheng)活(huo)(huo)理念(nian)和(he)(he)消(xiao)費(fei)方(fang)式(shi)。加強(qiang)宣傳(chuan)引導(dao)和(he)(he)文(wen)化建設(she)，廣泛動(dong)(dong)員園(yuan)區、企業(ye)、社區、學校(xiao)、家庭和(he)(he)個人(ren)積(ji)極(ji)行動(dong)(dong)起來，讓綠色(se)出行、節(jie)水(shui)節(jie)電(dian)、“光盤行動(dong)(dong)”、垃圾分(fen)(fen)類等成為(wei)習(xi)慣，形(xing)(xing)成人(ren)人(ren)、事(shi)事(shi)、時(shi)時(shi)、處處崇尚生(sheng)態文(wen)明的(de)社會氛圍。
建(jian)設(she)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮人(ren)與(yu)自(zi)然(ran)和(he)諧(xie)共生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)文明。把好(hao)(hao)山好(hao)(hao)水(shui)好(hao)(hao)風光(guang)融(rong)入(ru)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)，使城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)內部水(shui)系(xi)、綠(lv)地(di)(di)(di)同城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)外(wai)圍河湖(hu)、森林、耕地(di)(di)(di)形(xing)成(cheng)完(wan)整(zheng)的生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)網絡。鞏固提(ti)(ti)升城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)化建(jian)設(she)，完(wan)善城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)保護(hu)相關(guan)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)規范。制定城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系(xi)統(tong)監(jian)測、城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)修復、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)承載力評估、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)物多樣性保護(hu)、減(jian)污降(jiang)碳(tan)協(xie)同等相關(guan)領域標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)，持(chi)之以恒(heng)打(da)好(hao)(hao)污染防治(zhi)攻堅戰。因地(di)(di)(di)制宜建(jian)設(she)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮綠(lv)色廊道(dao)，打(da)造街心綠(lv)地(di)(di)(di)、濕地(di)(di)(di)和(he)郊野公園，提(ti)(ti)高城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)系(xi)統(tong)服務功能和(he)自(zi)維持(chi)能力。加強河道(dao)、湖(hu)泊等城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)(shi)濕地(di)(di)(di)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)和(he)水(shui)環(huan)境(jing)修護(hu)，加強城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮飲用(yong)水(shui)水(shui)源(yuan)地(di)(di)(di)保護(hu)和(he)地(di)(di)(di)下水(shui)超采綜合治(zhi)理(li)，提(ti)(ti)高用(yong)水(shui)效率(lv)。明確城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)治(zhi)理(li)效能評估技術標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)及管(guan)理(li)規程(cheng)，建(jian)立現(xian)代化生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)監(jian)測體系(xi)，開展城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)態(tai)(tai)環(huan)境(jing)治(zhi)理(li)評估。
（作(zuo)者魯明(ming)川 系(xi)浙大城市學院教授、浙江(jiang)省習近平新時代中國(guo)特(te)色(se)社會主義思想研(yan)究中心(xin)特(te)約研(yan)究員）
原標題：推動城鎮空間內涵式集約化綠色發展
責任編輯：徐皓
頁面編輯：蘇偉